Experimental transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus by Ochlerotatus j. japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Experimental transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus by Ochlerotatus j. japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae)
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-2585-39.3.480
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Turell, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sardelis, MR;Dohm, DJ;Turell, MJ
我们评估了Ochlerotatus J. Ephalus（Theobald），一种新发现的美国入侵蚊子物种，传播东部马脑炎（EAE）病毒的潜力。白纹伊蚊（Aedes albopictus（Skuse））和尖音库蚊（Culex pipiens（L.）进行了类似的测试以进行比较。Ochlerotatus j.白纹伊蚊感染并通过叮咬感染了接种过猪瘟病毒的雏鸡1 d后传播猪瘟病毒（病毒量范围为10（7.0-8.7）空斑形成单位[PFU]/ml血液）。无Cx。在饲喂EEE病毒感染的鸡后14天，pipiens（n = 20）具有可检测的病毒水平，病毒血症为10（8.1）PFU/ml血液。根据供体鸡中的病毒滴度，Oc的感染率范围为55-100%。j.p.t.和93-100%。白纹伊蚊在这两个物种中，传播率与感染率相同或几乎相同。根据血餐中的病毒滴度，Oc的估计传播率范围为15%至25%。j. j.和59-63%。白纹伊蚊Oc.病毒复制的研究。J. J.的研究表明，在感染性血餐后的前4天有一个“蚀食期”，病毒滴度在第7天达到峰值，约为每只蚊子10（5.7），并且病毒在感染性血餐后3天就从中肠逃逸。这些数据，结合机会主义喂养行为的Oc。j.在亚洲的分布以及据报道其在美国东部的分布范围的扩大表明，它可以作为地方性黑尾库利塞特（Coquillett）-鸟类循环和易感哺乳动物宿主之间的媒介病毒的桥梁。
We evaluated the potential for Ochlerotatus j. japonicus (Theobald), a newly recognized invasive mosquito species in the United States, to transmit eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus. Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Culex pipiens (L.) were similarly tested for comparison. Ochlerotatus j. japonicus and Ae. albopictus became infected and transmitted EEE virus by bite after feeding on young chickens 1 d after they had been inoculated with EEE virus (viremias ranging from 10(7.0-8.7) plaque-forming units [PFU]/ml of blood). No Cx. pipiens (n = 20) had detectable levels of virus 14 d after feeding on an EEE-virus infected chicken with a viremia of 10(8.1) PFU per ml of blood. Depending on the viral titer in the donor chicken, infection rates ranged from 55-100% for Oc. j. japonicus and 93-100% for Ae. albopictus. In these two species, dissemination rates were identical to or nearly identical to infection rates. Depending on the viral titer in the blood meal, estimated transmission rates ranged from 15 to 25% for Oc. j. japonicus and 59-63% for Ae. albopictus. Studies of replication of EEE virus in Oc. j. japonicus showed that there was an "eclipse phase" in the first 4 d after an infectious blood meal, that viral titers peak by day 7 at around 10(5.7) per mosquito, and that virus escaped the mid-gut as soon as 3 d after the infectious blood meal. These data, combined with the opportunistic feeding behavior of Oc. j. japonicus in Asia and the reported expansion of its range in the eastern United States, indicate that it could function as a bridge vector for EEE virus between the enzootic Culiseta melanura (Coquillett)-avian cycle and susceptible mammalian hosts.