Modeling in Brewing—A Review
Modeling in Brewing—A Review
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酿造建模——回顾
作者：
V. Shopska;Rositsa Denkova;G. Kostov
啤酒生产有一千多年的传统，但随着新技术和技术解决方案的引入，它在今天的发展仍在继续。本文讨论了用应用解析方法对啤酒生产过程进行建模和优化的方法。为此，考虑了啤酒生产主要过程中必不可少的参数——麦芽混合物的发展，保证了主要的酿造特性；通过麦汁的捣碎、蒸煮和煮沸等过程获得麦汁；啤酒的发酵和成熟介绍了用于描述啤酒生产不同阶段的数学相关性（单因素实验、混合物建模、实验计划、微生物生长动力学描述等）及其局限性的数据，并引用了在该领域工作的各个作者团队的具体研究结果。定义了各阶段的自变量和目标函数。考虑了啤酒生产领域的一些新趋势，并强调了其建模和优化的可能方法。本文提出了一种不依赖于所生产啤酒类型的建模和优化的通用方法。所提出的方法可用于模拟和优化不同啤酒类型的生产，其应用条件应与每种情况下使用的技术制度相一致。各个过程的建模和优化方法得到了这些阶段最典型的数学依赖关系的支持。根据研究的具体制度和目标，这些依赖关系可以调整和/或组合成更一般的数学模型。考虑了啤酒生产领域的一些新趋势，并强调了其建模和优化的可能方法。
Beer production has over a thousand-year tradition, but its development in the present continues with the introduction of new technological and technical solutions. The methods for modeling and optimization in beer production through an applied analytical approach have been discussed in the present paper. For this purpose, the parameters that are essential for the main processes in beer production have been considered—development of malt blends, guaranteeing the main brewing characteristics; obtaining wort through the processes of mashing, lautering and boiling of wort; fermentation and maturation of beer. Data on the mathematical dependences used to describe the different stages of beer production (one-factor experiments, modeling of mixtures, experiment planning, description of the kinetics of microbial growth, etc.) and their limits have been presented, and specific research results of various authors teams working in this field have been cited. The independent variables as well as the objective functions for each stage have been defined. Some new trends in the field of beer production have been considered and possible approaches for their modeling and optimization have been highlighted. The paper suggests a generalized approach to describe the main methods of modeling and optimization, which does not depend on the beer type produced. The proposed approaches can be used to model and optimize the production of different beer types, and the conditions for their application should be consistent with the technological regimes used in each case. The approaches for modeling and optimization of the individual processes have been supported by mathematical dependencies most typical for these stages. Depending on the specific regimes and objectives of the study, these dependencies can be adapted and/or combined into more general mathematical models. Some new trends in the field of beer production have been considered and possible approaches for their modeling and optimization have been highlighted.