Multidecadal changes in functional diversity lag behind the recovery of taxonomic diversity.
Multidecadal changes in functional diversity lag behind the recovery of taxonomic diversity.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.8381
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Haase P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker NJ;Pilotto F;Haubrock PJ;Beudert B;Haase P
While there has been increasing interest in how taxonomic diversity is changing over time, less is known about how long‐term taxonomic changes may affect ecosystem functioning and resilience. Exploring long‐term patterns of functional diversity can provide key insights into the capacity of a community to carry out ecological processes and the redundancy of species’ roles. We focus on a protected freshwater system located in a national park in southeast Germany. We use a high‐resolution benthic macroinvertebrate dataset spanning 32 years (1983–2014) and test whether changes in functional diversity are reflected in taxonomic diversity using a multidimensional trait‐based approach and regression analyses. Specifically, we asked: (i) How has functional diversity changed over time? (ii) How functionally distinct are the community's taxa? (iii) Are changes in functional diversity concurrent with taxonomic diversity? And (iv) what is the extent of community functional redundancy? Resultant from acidification mitigation, macroinvertebrate taxonomic diversity increased over the study period. Recovery of functional diversity was less pronounced, lagging behind responses of taxonomic diversity. Over multidecadal timescales, the macroinvertebrate community has become more homogenous with a high degree of functional redundancy, despite being isolated from direct anthropogenic activity. While taxonomic diversity increased over time, functional diversity has yet to catch up. These results demonstrate that anthropogenic pressures can remain a threat to biotic communities even in protected areas. The differences in taxonomic and functional recovery processes highlight the need to incorporate functional traits in assessments of biodiversity responses to global change. Recent biodiversity time‐series analyses have mainly focused on taxonomic diversity; however, there is much to learn about how the recovery of taxonomy may lead to shifts in ecosystem functioning and resilience, particularly in the long term. Focusing on a protected stream benthic macroinvertebrate community, we investigated and compared patterns of functional and taxonomic diversity over a 32‐year period. Besides identifying non‐linear trends and differences among functional and taxonomic diversity, we show that the recovery of functional diversity lags behind that of taxonomic diversity. Accordingly, we demonstrate that reported taxonomic changes are not always straightforward and could even be complex and/or contradictory and that by incorporating functional diversity measures into analyses, we can gain a more holistic picture regarding biodiversity responses in the Anthropocene.
While there has been increasing interest in how taxonomic diversity is changing over time, less is known about how long‐term taxonomic changes may affect ecosystem functioning and resilience. Exploring long‐term patterns of functional diversity can provide key insights into the capacity of a community to carry out ecological processes and the redundancy of species’ roles. We focus on a protected freshwater system located in a national park in southeast Germany. We use a high‐resolution benthic macroinvertebrate dataset spanning 32 years (1983–2014) and test whether changes in functional diversity are reflected in taxonomic diversity using a multidimensional trait‐based approach and regression analyses. Specifically, we asked: (i) How has functional diversity changed over time? (ii) How functionally distinct are the community's taxa? (iii) Are changes in functional diversity concurrent with taxonomic diversity? And (iv) what is the extent of community functional redundancy? Resultant from acidification mitigation, macroinvertebrate taxonomic diversity increased over the study period. Recovery of functional diversity was less pronounced, lagging behind responses of taxonomic diversity. Over multidecadal timescales, the macroinvertebrate community has become more homogenous with a high degree of functional redundancy, despite being isolated from direct anthropogenic activity. While taxonomic diversity increased over time, functional diversity has yet to catch up. These results demonstrate that anthropogenic pressures can remain a threat to biotic communities even in protected areas. The differences in taxonomic and functional recovery processes highlight the need to incorporate functional traits in assessments of biodiversity responses to global change. Recent biodiversity time‐series analyses have mainly focused on taxonomic diversity; however, there is much to learn about how the recovery of taxonomy may lead to shifts in ecosystem functioning and resilience, particularly in the long term. Focusing on a protected stream benthic macroinvertebrate community, we investigated and compared patterns of functional and taxonomic diversity over a 32‐year period. Besides identifying non‐linear trends and differences among functional and taxonomic diversity, we show that the recovery of functional diversity lags behind that of taxonomic diversity. Accordingly, we demonstrate that reported taxonomic changes are not always straightforward and could even be complex and/or contradictory and that by incorporating functional diversity measures into analyses, we can gain a more holistic picture regarding biodiversity responses in the Anthropocene.
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