Ecological Impacts of Alien Species: Quantification, Scope, Caveats, and Recommendations
Ecological Impacts of Alien Species: Quantification, Scope, Caveats, and Recommendations
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DOI：
10.1093/biosci/biu193
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
Winter, Marten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumschick, Sabrina;Gaertner, Mirijam;Winter, Marten
尽管在过去十年中对外来物种的影响进行了深入研究，但入侵科学仍然缺乏准确预测这些物种的影响的能力，因此无法及时向管理人员提供关于应将有限资源分配到何处的建议。这种能力受到限制，部分原因是生态影响的背景依赖性，研究高度偏向于某些类群和栖息地类型，以及缺乏检测和量化影响的标准化方法。我们回顾了不同的策略，包括具体的实验和观测方法，用于检测和量化外来物种的生态影响。其中包括用于比较不同生物体影响研究的四向实验区设计。此外，我们确定了假设驱动的参数，应在入侵的网站，以最大限度地了解影响的性质进行测量。我们还提出了识别高影响物种的策略。我们的建议为制定系统的定量测量提供了基础，以便比较不同物种、地点和时间的影响。
Despite intensive research during the past decade on the effects of alien species, invasion science still lacks the capacity to accurately predict the impacts of those species and, therefore, to provide timely advice to managers on where limited resources should be allocated. This capacity has been limited partly by the context-dependent nature of ecological impacts, research highly skewed toward certain taxa and habitat types, and the lack of standardized methods for detecting and quantifying impacts. We review different strategies, including specific experimental and observational approaches, for detecting and quantifying the ecological impacts of alien species. These include a four-way experimental plot design for comparing impact studies of different organisms. Furthermore, we identify hypothesis-driven parameters that should be measured at invaded sites to maximize insights into the nature of the impact. We also present strategies for recognizing high-impact species. Our recommendations provide a foundation for developing systematic quantitative measurements to allow comparisons of impacts across alien species, sites, and time.