Value Sensitive Design and Environmental Impact Potential Assessment for Enhanced Sustainability in Unmanned Aerial Systems
Value Sensitive Design and Environmental Impact Potential Assessment for Enhanced Sustainability in Unmanned Aerial Systems
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价值敏感设计和环境影响潜在评估，以增强无人机系统的可持续性
DOI：
10.1109/istas50296.2020.9462210
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dylan Cawthorne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nicolai Iversen;M. Birkved;Dylan Cawthorne
价值敏感设计（VSD）是一种促进人类价值主动融入技术设计的方法。VSD文献以及经验研究将环境可持续性确定为在设计中具有重要性的人类价值，因此在无人机系统（UAS）设计中具有重要性。无人机系统已经开始引起公众的极大兴趣和环境变化。然而，很少有研究讨论如何设计UAS以适应这些变化，也没有研究将VSD作为出发点。在这项工作中，无人机系统的环境可持续性分析使用VSD和环境影响潜力评估（EIPA）的方法。VSD设想卡被用来作为设计提示，以确定相关的社会和环境影响的两个案例研究，以说明这种方法：一个医疗保健应用程序，和电力线检测应用程序。评估环境影响潜力，沿着考虑无人机的材料和制造工艺对人类的毒性，水消耗和酸化的影响。然后，一般的见解如何无人机系统可以设计增强环境的可持续性进行了讨论。结果显示，在定义系统边界和定义相关无人机系统场景时，对变化的敏感性很高，因为不可能直接比较无人机和非无人机场景。因此，VSD和EIPA方法可以提供一种细致入微的方法来分析UAS应用，从而在未来产生积极的社会影响并增强UAS的环境可持续性。
Value sensitive design (VSD) is an approach that facilitates the pro-active incorporation of human values into technological design. The VSD literature, as well as empirical studies, identify environmental sustainability as a human value with importance in design, and therefore importance in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) design. UAS have begun to spark significant public interest and environmental changes. However, there are few studies that address how to design UAS for these changes, and none that take VSD as their point of departure. In this work, the environmental sustainability of UAS are analyzed using VSD and environmental impact potential assessment (EIPA) approaches. VSD envisioning cards are used as design prompts to identify relevant social and environmental impacts for two case studies to illustrate the approach: a healthcare application, and a powerline inspection application. The environmental impact potential is assessed, along with consideration of the drone’s materials and manufacturing processes which have an effect on toxicity to humans, water depletion, and acidification. Then, general insights into how UAS can be designed for enhanced environmental sustainability are discussed. The results show high sensitivity to changes in defining the system boundaries and in defining relevant UAS scenarios, as a direct comparison of drone and non-drone scenarios is not possible. Thus, VSD and EIPA approaches can provide a nuanced way to analyze UAS applications, leading to positive social impacts and enhanced environmental sustainability in UAS in the future.