Rac1 regulates the activity of mTORC1 and mTORC2 and controls cellular size.

Rac1 regulates the activity of mTORC1 and mTORC2 and controls cellular size.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2011.03.017
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发表时间:
2011-04-08
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Carpenter CL
Carpenter CL
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saci A;Cantley LC;Carpenter CL

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哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,存在于两个单独的复合物中,mTORC 1和mTORC 2,其功能是响应生长因子,营养物质和细胞能量水平来控制细胞大小和生长。Rheb和Rag家族的低分子量GTP结合蛋白是mTORC 1复合物的关键调节因子,但对mTORC 2的调节知之甚少。在这里,我们报告说,Rac 1,一个成员的Rho家族的GTP酶,是一个关键的调节mTORC 1和mTORC 2在响应生长因子的刺激。使用可诱导Cre/Lox方法在原代细胞中删除Rac 1可抑制mTORC 1和mTORC 2的基础和生长因子激活。Rac 1似乎直接与mTOR结合,并介导mTORC 1和mTORC 2在特定膜上的定位。Rac 1与mTOR的结合不依赖于Rac 1的GTP结合状态,而是依赖于其C末端结构域的完整性。Rac 1的这种功能提供了同时调节mTORC 1和mTORC 2的手段。
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that exists in two separate complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, that function to control cell size and growth in response to growth factors, nutrients, and cellular energy levels. Low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins of the Rheb and Rag families are key regulators of the mTORC1 complex, but regulation of mTORC2 is poorly understood. Here, we report that Rac1, a member of the Rho family of GTPases, is a critical regulator of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 in response to growth-factor stimulation. Deletion of Rac1 in primary cells using an inducible-Cre/Lox approach inhibits basal and growth-factor activation of both mTORC1 and mTORC2. Rac1 appears to bind directly to mTOR and to mediate mTORC1 and mTORC2 localization at specific membranes. Binding of Rac1 to mTOR does not depend on the GTP-bound state of Rac1, but on the integrity of its C-terminal domain. This function of Rac1 provides a means to regulate mTORC1 and mTORC2 simultaneously.
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