Maize Landraces are Less Affected by Striga hermonthica Relative to Hybrids in Western Kenya
Maize Landraces are Less Affected by Striga hermonthica Relative to Hybrids in Western Kenya
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DOI：
10.1614/wt-d-15-00055.1
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Khan, Zeyaur R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Midega, Charles A. O.;Pickett, John;Khan, Zeyaur R.
肯尼亚西部的玉米生产受到寄生杂草独脚金的严重限制。虽然通过采用改良品种可以提高玉米的生产力，但在本区域采用这种品种的情况仍然很少，因为大多数小农仍然种植未经改良的自由授粉品种（地方品种）。两个改良的杂交品种的性能进行了评估，对6个地方品种在肯尼亚西部的土壤中的striga出没。这些品种在自然独脚金侵染下的地块中种植，并在人工侵染下补充盆栽实验。在田间和盆栽试验中，地方品种的独脚金出苗率低于杂交品种。同样，玉米植株的高度在收获和粮食产量较高的地方品种比杂交种。经过三个连作季节，在所有处理中，独脚金种子库密度增加了2至7倍。种子库增加较高的杂交种和两个地方品种，'Rachar'和'Endere'。这些结果提供了一个深入了解的潜在作用，地方品种可以发挥在努力走向一个综合管理方法的小农户种植系统中的独脚金。他们还强调需要开发杂交玉米品系，使其适应当地的生物限制，特别是striga。
Production of maize in western Kenya is severely constrained by the parasitic weed striga. Although productivity of maize can be improved through adoption of improved varieties, adoption of such varieties remains low in the region, as the majority of smallholder farmers still grow unimproved open-pollinated varieties (landraces). The performance of two improved hybrid varieties was evaluated against six landraces in striga-infested soils in western Kenya. The varieties were planted in plots under natural striga infestation and were supplemented with pot experiments under artificial infestation. Striga emergence was lower in landraces than in the hybrid varieties in both field and pot experiments. Similarly, height of maize plants at harvest and grain yields were higher in the landraces than in the hybrids. After three continuous cropping seasons, in all treatments, striga seedbank density increased two to seven times. Seedbank increase was higher with hybrids and two of the landraces, 'Rachar' and 'Endere'. These results provide an insight into the potential role landraces could play in efforts toward an integrated management approach for striga in smallholder cropping systems. They also highlight the need to develop hybrid maize lines with local adaptation to biotic constraints, specifically striga.