Temperature tracking by North Sea benthic invertebrates in response to climate change
Temperature tracking by North Sea benthic invertebrates in response to climate change
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DOI：
10.1111/gcb.12726
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Molinos, Jorge Garcia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hiddink, Jan G.;Burrows, Michael T.;Molinos, Jorge Garcia
气候变化是对生物多样性的主要威胁，分布变化是对全球变暖的最重大威胁之一，但这些变化在多大程度上与气候变化保持同步尚不确定。了解影响范围变化的因素对于保护管理预测未来人为气候变化下的生物多样性分布模式至关重要。软沉积物无脊椎动物是一个关键的动物群，因为它们在海洋生物地球化学中发挥作用，并作为商业鱼类的食物来源。然而，关于它们对气候变化的反应的资料很少。在这里，我们评估的65个北海底栖无脊椎动物物种的分布在1986年和2000年之间的变化，通过研究他们的地理，水深和热生态位的变化和测试是否物种跟踪其热生态位定义的最低，平均或最高海底（SBT）和表面（SST）温度。在整个北海的温度增加，许多底栖无脊椎动物显示西北范围的变化（领先/落后的优势，以及分布中心）和深化。然而，大多数物种的分布变化（3.8-7.3kmyr（-1）分位数范围）落后于SBT和SST的变化（平均8.1kmyr（-1）），导致许多物种经历温度升高。平均SST的气候变化速度（VoCC）准确地预测了分布重心移动的方向和幅度，而最大SST的后缘收缩做同样的。SBT的VoCC不能很好地预测距离偏移。我们的研究结果表明，无脊椎动物需要以不同的速度和方向移动，以跟踪不同温度测量的气候速度，因此落后于大多数温度测量。如果这些物种无法承受热生境的变化，最终可能导致底栖生物多样性下降。
Climate change is a major threat to biodiversity and distributions shifts are one of the most significant threats to global warming, but the extent to which these shifts keep pace with a changing climate is yet uncertain. Understanding the factors governing range shifts is crucial for conservation management to anticipate patterns of biodiversity distribution under future anthropogenic climate change. Soft-sediment invertebrates are a key faunal group because of their role in marine biogeochemistry and as a food source for commercial fish species. However, little information exists on their response to climate change. Here, we evaluate changes in the distribution of 65 North Sea benthic invertebrate species between 1986 and 2000 by examining their geographic, bathymetric and thermal niche shifts and test whether species are tracking their thermal niche as defined by minimum, mean or maximum sea bottom (SBT) and surface (SST) temperatures. Temperatures increased in the whole North Sea with many benthic invertebrates showing north-westerly range shifts (leading/trailing edges as well as distribution centroids) and deepening. Nevertheless, distribution shifts for most species (3.8-7.3kmyr(-1) interquantile range) lagged behind shifts in both SBT and SST (mean 8.1kmyr(-1)), resulting in many species experiencing increasing temperatures. The velocity of climate change (VoCC) of mean SST accurately predicted both the direction and magnitude of distribution centroid shifts, while maximum SST did the same for contraction of the trailing edge. The VoCC of SBT was not a good predictor of range shifts. No good predictor of expansions of the leading edge was found. Our results show that invertebrates need to shift at different rates and directions to track the climate velocities of different temperature measures, and are therefore lagging behind most temperature measures. If these species cannot withstand a change in thermal habitat, this could ultimately lead to a drop in benthic biodiversity.