Experimentally exploring the potential behavioral effects of personalized genetic information about marijuana and schizophrenia risk.
Experimentally exploring the potential behavioral effects of personalized genetic information about marijuana and schizophrenia risk.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.066
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wall MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lebowitz MS;Appelbaum PS;Dixon LB;Girgis RR;Wall MM
避孕药的使用可能会增加精神分裂症的风险，这种影响可能是遗传缓和。我们调查了假设的基因测试结果表明，大麻使用引起的精神分裂症风险升高的存在或不存在将如何影响对大麻使用的态度。在两个实验中，参与者被随机分配到假设的场景中，在这些场景中，基因检测显示存在或不存在使用大麻的倾向，以增加他们的精神分裂症风险，或者没有提到基因检测的对照条件。实验1使用了通过Amazon.com的土耳其机器人平台招募的801名美国年轻人的样本。实验2重复了相同的程序，采用了800名18-30岁的美国成年人的全国代表性样本。在实验1中，与对照组相比，那些处于易感条件下的人对他们避免大麻的可能性和重要性的评价显着更高，而那些处于无易感条件下的人对两者的评价显着更低。在实验2中，这些发现在易感性条件下基本上得到了重复，但在无易感性条件下却没有得到重复，并且之前吸食大麻是一个重要的调节因素，易感性条件的影响仅限于报告吸食过大麻的参与者。如果这些结果可以预测对实际基因检测的反应，那么他们表明，基因检测结果表明大麻使用会增加一个人的精神分裂症风险，这可能会激励禁欲，特别是对于那些以前使用大麻的人。未来的研究可能会进一步调查基因测试结果是否表明缺乏这种倾向可能会抑制大麻使用的禁欲。
Marijuana use may increase schizophrenia risk, and this effect may be genetically moderated. We investigated how hypothetical genetic test results indicating the presence or absence of heightened schizophrenia risk in reaction to marijuana use would affect attitudes toward marijuana use. In two experiments, participants were randomized to hypothetical scenarios in which genetic testing showed the presence or absence of a predisposition for marijuana use to increase their schizophrenia risk, or to a control condition with no mention of genetic testing. Experiment 1 used a sample of 801 U.S. young adults recruited via Amazon.com’s Mechanical Turk platform. Experiment 2 replicated the same procedures with a nationally representative sample of 800 U.S. adults aged 18-30. In Experiment 1, those in the predisposition condition, compared to the control condition, rated the likelihood and importance of their avoiding marijuana as significantly higher, whereas those in the no-predisposition condition rated both as significantly lower. In experiment 2, these findings were largely replicated for the predisposition condition but not the no-predisposition condition, and prior marijuana use was a significant moderator, with the effects of the predisposition condition confined to participants who reported having used marijuana. If these results are predictive of responses to actual genetic testing, they suggest that genetic test results indicating that marijuana use will increase one’s schizophrenia risk may incentivize abstinence, especially for those with prior marijuana use. Future research could further investigate whether genetic test results indicating the absence of such a predisposition might disincentivize abstinence from marijuana use.
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