Age and sex differences in health habits and beliefs of schoolchildren.
Age and sex differences in health habits and beliefs of schoolchildren.
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学童健康习惯和信仰的年龄和性别差异。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-6133.9.2.208
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Felix,MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen,RY;Brownell,KD;Felix,MR
一个学校系统的所有3到12年级的孩子都完成了一项关于健康习惯和信念的调查，包括吸烟和饮食习惯，对运动的看法，体重，以及父母对健康的参与。对调查结果进行了年级和性别因素分析，得出吸烟习惯、家庭健康讨论、家庭健康思考、营养习惯和健康控制点的综合因素。对每个因素的方差分析显示，女孩普遍报告比男孩更健康的饮食习惯。然而，女孩报告吸烟更多，锻炼更少。习惯和信仰也会随着年龄的增长而改变；初中是几个习惯养成的特别重要的时期。研究结果讨论了与儿童发展理论的关系，以及对未来儿童健康教育干预计划的内容和时间的影响。
All children in Grades 3 through 12 of one school system completed a survey about health habits and beliefs including smoking and eating habits, perceptions of exercise, weight, and parental involvement in health. The surveys were factor-analyzed within grade and sex, and the overall factors that emerged were Smoking Habits, Family Discussion of Health, Family Thinking About Health, Nutritional Habits, and Health Locus of Control. Analysis of variance of each factor revealed that girls generally reported healthier food habits than did boys. However, girls reported more smoking and less exercise. There are also changes in habits and belief with age; junior high school is a particularly important time for the development of several habits. The findings are discussed in relation to theories of child development and the implications for the content and timing of future health education intervention programs with children.