Phylogenetic relationships of geoemydine turtles (Reptilia: Bataguridae)
Phylogenetic relationships of geoemydine turtles (Reptilia: Bataguridae)
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土龟的系统发育关系（爬行动物：Bataguridae）
DOI：
10.5358/hsj.20.105
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
T. Hikida
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Yasukawa;R. Hirayama;T. Hikida
对蝙蝠亚科Geemydinae的单系性进行了评价，并根据35个形态特征推测了该亚科内的系统发育关系。采用了基于分支定界算法的简约分析和基于绝对距离矩阵的邻域连接聚类两种方法。这些分析的结果所得到的系统图在分支拓扑上几乎是相同的，并不能很好地支持地甲亚科的单系性。因此，这个亚科似乎是一个后生亚科，很可能由蝙蝠亚科的姊妹群(Geemyda组)和蝙蝠科的一个更原始的种群(Maureys组)组成。后者容纳了毛雷米斯和萨卡利亚，其单调性没有得到很好的支持。前者包括剩下的10个Geoemydine属，它们通过两种突触构型结合在一起--颈四头肌的缺失或减少，以及后面的短侧前神经元。通过我们的分析所揭示的关系，有必要对地甲亚科的属级分类进行一些改变。首先，Cistoclemmys Gray，1863(模式种：Ci.常常与Cuora Gray，1855同名(模式种：Cu.Bobinens)，是一个有效的属，与水母属(Pyxidae)和地膜目的属(Geoemyda)关系密切，而不是与严格感觉属Cuora亲缘关系较近。Rhinoclemmys Fitzinger，1835(模式种：R.pottularia)被证明是多系种，而Cheropus Cope，1870(模式种：C.ruida)，被复活以适应R.ruida和R.annulata。盘状铰链似乎在巴塔古里科进化了三次--在Cyclemys-Notochelys支系、Cuora(严格意义上的)和Cistoclemmys-Pyxidae支系。
Monophyly of the batagurid subfamily Geoemydinae was evaluated, and phylogenetic relationships within the subfamily were inferred on the basis of 35 morphological characters. Two approaches, parsimony analysis using the branch and bound algorithm, and neighbor joining clustering of an absolute distance matrix, were used. The results of these analyses yielded phylograms that were almost identical in branching topology, and poorly supported the monophyly of Geoemydinae. This subfamily thus seems to be a metataxon, most likely consisting of the sister group of Batagurinae (Geoemyda group) and a more primitive stock of Bataguridae (Mauremys group). The latter accommodates Mauremys and Sacalia and its monophyly is not well supported. The former consists of the remaining ten geoemydine genera united by two synapomorphies-absence or reduction of the quadratojugal, and posteriorly short-sided anterior neurals. Relationships revealed by our analyses necessitate some changes in the generic classification of Geoemydinae. First of all, Cistoclemmys Gray, 1863 (type species: Ci. flavomarginata, often synonymized to Cuora Gray, 1855 (type species: Cu. amboinensis), is shown to be a valid genus closely related to Pyxidea and Geoemyda rather than to Cuora (sensu stricto). Rhinoclemmys Fitzinger, 1835 (type species: R. punctularia) is shown to be polyphyletic, and Chelopus Cope, 1870 (type species: C. rubida), is resurrected to accommodate R. rubida and R. annulata. The plastral hinge seems to have evolved three times in the Bataguridae-in the Cyclemys-Notochelys clade, Cuora (sensu stricto), and the Cistoclemmys-Pyxidea clade.