CHILDRENS PERFORMANCE ON A SPATIAL ANALOGIES TASK
CHILDRENS PERFORMANCE ON A SPATIAL ANALOGIES TASK
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1977.tb01263.x
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发表时间：
1977-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
GENTNER, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GENTNER, D
在需要使用空间类比的任务中，幼儿的表现与成年人一样好，甚至更好。这些任务涉及到身体部位的类比，比如，“如果这座山有一个膝盖，它会在哪里？“所指的实体是幼儿熟悉的实物，这种问题格式显然需要类比回答。学龄前儿童可以像成年人一样始终如一地将这种身体部位类比应用于图片。然后，通过改变图片对象的方向或向图片对象添加误导性的图片细节，使映射变得更加困难。成年人的表现有点不一致，比学龄前儿童和一年级学生时，误导性的细节，有没有年龄差异时，方向不同。类比能力显然在很小的时候就存在了。
Young children performed as well as or better than adults on tasks requiring use of spatial analogies. The tasks involved body-parts analogies, such as, "If this [pictured] mountain had a knee, where would it be?" The entities referred to were physical objects familiar to young children, and this question format clearly called for analogical responding. Preschool children could apply such body-parts analogies to pictures as consistently as adults. The mappings were then made more difficult by varying the orientation of the pictured objects or by adding misleading pictorial details to the pictured objects. Adults performed somewhat less consistently than preschoolers and 1st graders when misleading details were present; there were no age differences when orientation was varied. Analogical ability apparently was present at a very early age.