Diagnosis of pericardial effusion in birds by ultrasound
Diagnosis of pericardial effusion in birds by ultrasound
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超声诊断禽类心包积液
DOI：
10.1136/vr.149.3.86
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Krautwald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Straub;Michael Pees;Krautwald
关于控制CIBD的建议是推测性的，但包括减少所有寄生虫的挑战。如Suttle（1995年）所述，清洁放牧政策还可以避免由反复的幼虫线虫攻击引起的相关但独立的慢性肠道损伤和超敏反应（驱虫药无反应性腹泻），即使在反复驱虫治疗的情况下也是如此。CIBD病因学中涉及的其他因素可能包括病毒，例如绵羊疱疹病毒2型、牛病毒性腹泻病毒、牛白血病病毒、特定的饮食过敏原和遗传易感性。通过重复血清学检测确定，研究鸡群中不存在边境病病毒和梅迪-维斯纳病毒。相反，在研究鸡群中偶尔诊断出淋巴瘤，并且在加拿大鸡群中同时观察到慢性淋巴细胞性肠炎（Rae 1994）;因此，这些疾病之间可能存在联系。CIBD应被视为3岁或3岁以下绵羊的鉴别诊断，表现为生长不良或懒惰，瘤胃运动不足，迟钝，糊状粪便，寄生虫感染，微量元素缺乏症和副结核病的阴性结果。更传统的集中管理的羊群可能会受到这种疾病的威胁，因为在延长的圈养期后，在六个月大的萨福克羔羊中也观察到了类似的病理学（D。J. Wilson，P. R.斯科特，未公布的数据）。
Advice on control of CIBD is speculative but includes reduction of all parasite challenge. A clean grazing policy would also avoid the related but separate condition of chronic gut damage and hypersensitivity (anthelmintic unresponsive diarrhoea) caused by repeated larval nematode challenge, even in the face of repeated anthelmintic treatments, as described by Suttle (1995). Other factors involved in the aetiology of CIBD could include viruses, for example, ovine herpes virus 2, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, bovine leukaemia virus, specific dietary allergens and a genetic predisposition. Neither Border disease virus nor maedi-visna was present in the study flock as determined by repeated serological testing. Conversely, lymphoma was diagnosed sporadically in the study flock and has been seen concurrently with chronic lymphocytic enteritis in a Canadian flock (Rae 1994); thus, a connection may exist between these conditions. CIBD should be considered as a differential diagnosis in sheep aged three years or younger, showing poor growth or illthrift with ruminal hypomotility, dullness, pasty faeces with negative results for parasitic infestations, trace element deficiencies and paratuberculosis. More conventional intensively managed flocks may be at risk from the condition since similar pathology has been seen in illthriven six-month-old Suffolk lambs after an extended housing period (D. J. Wilson, P. R. Scott, unpublished data).