Study on the Homestead Woodland towards Landscape Conservation of a Dispersed Settlement, and Residents Awareness and its Distribution/Planting Pattern and Landscape Policy of the Local Government
Study on the Homestead Woodland towards Landscape Conservation of a Dispersed Settlement, and Residents Awareness and its Distribution/Planting Pattern and Landscape Policy of the Local Government
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分散聚落宅基地林地景观保护及居民意识及其分布/种植格局及当地政府景观政策研究
DOI：
10.2750/arp.23.41
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takehiko Katsuno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Osamu Inagaki;S. Osawa;Atsushi Onozaki;K. Fujisaki;Takehiko Katsuno
岩泽是岩手县的一个城镇，以其分散的定居点周围的宅基地林地而闻名。尽管它很有名，但它一直在迅速减少。对以下问题进行了研究。宅基地林地的结构、居民对林地的认识以及当地政府保护林地的政策。在该地区，林地主要分布在房屋的北方和西部，以保护房屋免受风雪的侵袭。主要树种是万年青针叶树，如柳杉。林地的结构可分为四类：第一类：树木数量较少，多为单行栽植，低枝修剪频繁;第二类：类型Ⅱ包括树高高于屋顶的类型Ⅱ-1和树高高于屋顶的类型Ⅱ-2，树的高度较低。树木的种类较少，通常限于针叶树，如第一和第二类。第三类：树木种植在东边，除了北方和西边。这里除了针叶树外，还种植了几种阔叶树。除了针叶树外，还有各种各样的树木，其中包括几种阔叶树。乔木层和灌木层之间的乔木层不见了。为增加宅基地林地蓄积量，本研究所确定的种植模式可供参考。此外，通过向某个组织寻求财政援助，也可以很容易地促进这种做法。另一方面，不需要这种财政援助的宅基地，维护和管理方案，不会破坏景观的功能，建议在容忍水平。大多数居民感到自豪的宅基地林地。他们认为，林地在构成原始景观方面具有很大的价值，在保护房屋免受灾害方面具有额外的作用。然而，年轻一代的兴趣却不如老一辈。自1996年以来，该镇政府一直为宅基地林地的种植园提供补贴。上述类别表明了宅基地林地的价值。这些指标可能有助于促进补贴制度。日本各地的宅基地林地正在迅速减少。提高这一意识和完善补贴制度非常重要。此外，通过土地使用和景观法规保护林地的总体战略仍然没有到位。当地政府必须认真考虑这些问题。
Isawa is a town in the Iwate prefecture, famous for its homestead woodlands which surround dispersed settlements. Despite its renown, it has been decreasing rapidly. A study was conducted on the following. The structures of the homestead woodlands, the residents' awareness of the woodlands and the policy of the local government to conserve the woodlands.In this district, the woodlands are primarily located in the northern and western sides of the houses to protect them from the wind and snow. The predominant tree species are the evergreen conifers such as Cryptomeria japonica. The structures of the woodlands were divided into four categories.Type I: The numbers of trees are less and usually planted in a single row where the low branches are pruned frequently.Type II: The numbers of trees are more than type I, and planted closely in multiple rows.Type II includes type II-1, where tree's height is higher than the roof, and type II-2, where tree's height is lower.The species of trees are less and usually limited to conifers as mentioned in Type I and II.Type III: The trees are planted in eastern side, in addition to the northern and western sides. Here, several broadleaved species of trees have been planted in addition to the conifers.There are a variety of trees, which include several broadleaved species, in addition to the conifers. The layer of trees between the arbor and shrub layers was missing. To increase the volume of homestead woodlands, the planting pattern determined by our investigations may be utilized as a reference. In addition, it may easily be promoted by seeking financial assistance from an organization. On the other hand, homesteads, which do not require such financial assistance, the maintenance and management options that would not destroy the landscape's function, were suggested within the tolerance level.Most residents are proud of the homestead woodlands. They are of the view that the woodlands have great value in making up the original landscape and have an addition role in the protection of houses from disasters. However, the younger generation displayed less interest than the elder generation.The town's government has been providing subsidies for the plantation of homestead woodlands, since 1996. The above categories indicate the values of homestead woodlands. These indexes may be useful in promoting the subsidy system.The homestead woodlands are decreasing rapidly throughout Japan. It is very important to raise this awareness and also improve the subsidy system. Furthermore, the total strategies to conserve the woodlands by land use and landscape regulations are still not in place. The local government must seriously consider these.