Holocene recolonization and extinction of the pond turtle, Emys orbicularis (L., 1758), in Europe
Holocene recolonization and extinction of the pond turtle, Emys orbicularis (L., 1758), in Europe
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欧洲池塘龟 Emys orbicalis (L., 1758) 的全新世重新殖民和灭绝
DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.07.009
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
U. Fritz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Sommer;A. Persson;N. Wieseke;U. Fritz
我们重建全新世范围波动的欧洲池塘龟（Emys orbicularis）为北方和中欧。根据529个亚化石记录和关键发现的放射性碳年代测定，我们提供了证据，E。随着全新世气候变暖，orbicularis的分布范围迅速扩大。系统地理学的数据认为，北方和中欧的殖民地来自巴尔干半岛东南部的冰川避难所。早在北寒纪晚期（公元前9100- 8600年），该物种就已出现在中欧的北方，并在北寒纪（公元前8600- 7100年）广泛分布于丹麦和瑞典南部（斯科讷）。最大的范围扩展发生在全新世气候最佳时期（大西洋：公元前7100- 3750大卡），记录在英格兰南部，瑞典中部和北方爱沙尼亚。在亚寒带早期（公元前3750- 1750年），北方的人口崩溃，与气候变冷和海洋化相吻合。北方种群最有可能是通过长距离扩散（漂流使用河流河口在北海和波罗的海）;后到达北方欧洲，最低扩散50公里每100年可以假设为北方。
We reconstruct the Holocene range fluctuations of the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) for northern and Central Europe. Based on 529 subfossil records and radiocarbon dating of critical finds, we provide evidence that E. orbicularis experienced a rapid range expansion with Holocene warming. Phylogeographic data argue for a colonization of northern and Central Europe from a glacial refuge located in the south-eastern Balkans. Already in the Late Preboreal (9100–8600calBC) the species occurred in northern Central Europe and was widespread in Denmark and southern Sweden (Skåne) during the Boreal (8600–7100calBC). The maximum range extension occurred during the Holocene climatic optimum (Atlantic: 7100–3750calBC), with records in southern England, middle Sweden, and northern Estonia. After the early Subboreal (3750–1750calBC) northern populations collapsed, coinciding with a climatic cooling and oceanization. Northern populations were most likely established via long distance dispersal (rafting using rivers debouching in the North and Baltic Seas); after northern Europe was reached, a minimum dispersal of 50km per 100 years may be hypothesized for the Boreal.