Unbanked status and use of alternative financial services among minority populations.
Unbanked status and use of alternative financial services among minority populations.
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少数族裔人口的无银行账户状况和替代金融服务的使用。
DOI：
10.1017/s1474747219000052
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Zamarro,Gema
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barcellos,SilviaHelena;Zamarro,Gema
大量美国人没有银行账户（“无银行账户”）或依赖昂贵的替代金融服务（AFS），如发薪日贷款（“银行账户不足”），这对财富积累和退休准备都有影响。使用原始数据，我们记录了大的种族/民族差异，在无银行账户和频繁的AFS使用率。我们研究了社会经济地位（SES），金融知识，对金融机构的信任，网络和时间偏好在解释这些差距中的作用。虽然这些变量解释了很大一部分的白人少数民族差距在无银行身份的差距，同样是不正确的差距在AFS使用。布林德-瓦哈卡的分解证实了这些模式：无银行账户状态的差距主要是由不同群体的捐赠差异来解释的，因为AFS差距捐赠回报的差异具有最大的解释力。我们的研究结果表明，虽然相关，但无银行和银行不足是不同的概念，具有不同的根本原因，可能需要不同的政策反应。
A large number of Americans do not have bank accounts (the ‘unbanked’) or rely on costly alternative financial services (AFS) such as payday loans (the ‘underbanked’), with implications for wealth accumulation and retirement preparedness. Using primary data, we document large racial/ethnic differences in unbanked and in frequent AFS usage rates. We study the role of socio-economic status (SES), financial literacy, trust in financial institutions, networks, and time preferences in explaining these gaps. While these variables explain a large fraction of the white-minority gaps in unbanked status the same is not true for gaps in AFS use. A Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition confirms these patterns: gaps in unbanked status are mostly explained by differences in endowments across groups, for AFS gaps differences in returns to endowments have the largest explanatory power. Our findings suggest that, while related, unbanked and underbanked are distinct concepts with different underlying causes that may require different policy responses.