Nucleic acid sensing and innate immunity: signaling pathways controlling viral pathogenesis and autoimmunity.
Nucleic acid sensing and innate immunity: signaling pathways controlling viral pathogenesis and autoimmunity.
复制标题
核酸传感和先天免疫：控制病毒发病机理和自身免疫性的信号通路。
DOI：
10.1007/s40588-016-0043-5
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Goodman, Alan G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahlers, Laura R H;Goodman, Alan G
先天免疫是指人体在接触入侵生物体时抑制感染的最初反应。虽然病原体相关分子的检测是宿主防御的一种古老形式，但如果功能失调，可能会导致自身免疫性疾病。病原性感染期间的先天性免疫应答通过识别保守分子模式（例如来自病毒基因组或复制周期的核酸）的受体的激活而启动。此外，宿主自身的核酸能够激活免疫应答。因此，必须严格控制核酸传感途径，以避免识别自身的自身免疫反应，但仍然不受阻碍地对病毒感染作出反应。在这篇综述中，我们将描述核酸传感途径以及它们如何响应病毒感染。此外，我们将讨论当这些通路不能正确发出信号时发生的自身免疫性疾病，并确定询问的知识缺口。
Innate immunity refers to the body’s initial response to curb infection upon exposure to invading organisms. While the detection of pathogen-associated molecules is an ancient form of host defense, if dysfunctional, autoimmune disease may result. The innate immune response during pathogenic infection is initiated through the activation of receptors recognizing conserved molecular patterns, such as nucleic acids from a virus’ genome or replicative cycle. Additionally, the host’s own nucleic acids are capable of activating an immune response. Therefore, it follows that the nucleic acid-sensing pathways must be tightly controlled to avoid an autoimmune response from recognition of self, yet still be unimpeded to respond to viral infections. In this review, we will describe the nucleic acid sensing pathways and how they respond to virus infection. Moreover, we will discuss autoimmune diseases that develop when these pathways fail to signal properly and identify knowledge gaps that are prime for interrogation.