Use of water balance calculation and tritium to examine the dropdown of groundwater table in the piedmont of the North China Plain (NCP)
Use of water balance calculation and tritium to examine the dropdown of groundwater table in the piedmont of the North China Plain (NCP)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00254-003-0792-3
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shimada, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, JY;Tang, CY;Shimada, J
皮埃蒙特平原的地下水位在1950年代和1960年代只有大约1-2米深，但后来由于地下水的过度抽取和该地区的干旱，地下水位急剧下降到大约25-27米深（目前海拔21-23米）。这一变化对这一重要农业区的可持续发展和粮食供应产生了不利影响。位于皮埃蒙特的中国科学院栾城实验站地下水位从1975年的39.36 m下降到1999年的21.47 m，平均下降速率为0.72 m/a。自20世纪70年代以来，已经记录了水平衡分量，如日降雨量，蒸发皿蒸发量和蒸散量（1995年后通过蒸渗仪），并将其用作变量，以模拟基于物理统计模型的每月地下水位变化。1998-2001年在太行山山前平原采集地下水样品，在实验室中进行氚示踪。在假定年地下水位不变的条件下，得到了合理的开采量为150 mm/a。来自太行山的补给和地下水流量对皮埃蒙特地区的水量平衡起着重要的作用，利用氚随深度的变化规律，估算出该地区的补给量约为112.5 mm/a，且符合良好的指数函数关系。简单的水量平衡计算表明，地下水位以0.8m/a的速率下降，与实际情况接近。
The groundwater table in the piedmont plain was only about 1-2 m in depth in the 1950s and 1960s, but it lowered dramatically afterwards to about 25-27 m in depth (currently 21-23 m above sea level) due to overpumping of groundwater and drought in the region. This change has adversely affected the sustainable development and food supply of this important agricultural area. The groundwater table at Luancheng Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, located in the piedmont, dropped from 39.36 m in 1975 to 21.47 m above sea level in 1999, at an average rate of 0.72 m/year. Water balance components, such as daily rainfall, pan-evaporation, and evapotranspiration (by lysimeter after 1995) have been recorded since the 1970s, and they were used as variants to simulate monthly water table change based on a physically based statistical model. Groundwater samples were collected during the period 1998-2001, and tritium was measured in the laboratory to trace the groundwater flow from the Taihang Mountains to the piedmont. A reasonable exploitation rate of 150 mm/year was obtained from the model by assuming the annual water table is constant. The recharge and groundwater flow from the Taihang Mountains plays an important role in the water balance of the piedmont area, and it was estimated to be about 112.5 mm/year by using the variation of tritium with the depth, which followed a good exponential function. The simple water balance calculation indicated that the water table could recede at a rate of 0.8 m/year, which is close to the actual situation.