Dispersal and female philopatry in a long-term, stable, polygynous gibbon population: Evidence from 16 years field observation and genetics
Dispersal and female philopatry in a long-term, stable, polygynous gibbon population: Evidence from 16 years field observation and genetics
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长期、稳定、一夫多妻的长臂猿种群中的分散和雌性遗传：来自 16 年实地观察和遗传学的证据
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22922
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Jiang, Xuelong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Naiqing;Guan, Zhenhua;Jiang, Xuelong
据报道，长臂猿通常生活在实行一夫一妻制的小型家庭群体中，当它们成熟时，两性都会分散。我们首次记录了生活在稳定的一夫多妻制群体（Nomascus concolor）中的长臂猿种群的扩散模式，整合了 16 年的实地观察和粪便 DNA 的遗传信息。除一只雄性外，所有亚成年雄性均在 9.8 +/- 1.4 岁时分散（范围：8-12，N=10）。最后一只雄性留在了它的出生群体中，并在 11 岁时通过驱逐原来的主导雄性获得了繁殖地位。雌性在 8 岁时达到性成熟（通过身体颜色从黑色变为黄色来证明）（N=4）。其中三只分散了，其中一只获得了繁殖雌性的位置，并在其出生群体中繁殖。我们还观察到，一名雌性在她的假定父亲被邻近的雄性接管后，带着她的婴儿返回了她的出生群体。我们仅从大寨子的 22 个人中鉴定出 3 个 mtDNA 单倍型。一组中的个体具有相同的单倍型，只有一个例外。遗传学结果表明，在本研究结束时，所有三个研究组中的两只正在繁殖的雌性都是母女对，这意味着一定程度的雌性遗传。我们认为，就黑冠长臂猿而言，扩散决策似乎代表了对其出生群体和邻近群体的繁殖机会的高度机会主义事件。
Gibbons are generally reported to live in small socially monogamous family groups in which both sexes disperse when they reach maturity. For the first time, we documented the dispersal pattern in a population of gibbons living in stable polygynous groups (Nomascus concolor) integrating 16 years' field observation and genetic information from fecal DNA. All subadult males except for one dispersed at 9.8 +/- 1.4 years of age (range: 8-12, N=10). The last male remained in his natal group and obtained the breeding position at age 11 by evicting the original dominant male. Females reached sexual maturity (as evidenced by the change in body color from black to yellow) at 8 years (N=4). Three of them dispersed and one obtained a position as a breeding female and bred in her natal group. We also observed one female returning to her natal group with her infant after her presumed father was taken over by a neighboring male. We identified only three mtDNA haplotypes from 22 individuals at Dazhaizi. Individuals in one group shared the same haplotype, with only one exception. Genetic results showed that the two breeding females were mother-daughter pairs in all three study groups at the end of this study, implying some degree of female philopatry. We argue that in the case of black crested gibbons, dispersal decisions appear to represent highly opportunistic events in response to reproductive opportunities in their natal and neighboring groups.