Opsin Repertoire and Expression Patterns in Horseshoe Crabs: Evidence from the Genome of Limulus polyphemus (Arthropoda: Chelicerata).
Opsin Repertoire and Expression Patterns in Horseshoe Crabs: Evidence from the Genome of Limulus polyphemus (Arthropoda: Chelicerata).
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evw100
复制
发表时间：
2016-06-03
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Porter ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Battelle BA;Ryan JF;Kempler KE;Saraf SR;Marten CE;Warren WC;Minx PJ;Montague MJ;Green PJ;Schmidt SA;Fulton L;Patel NH;Protas ME;Wilson RK;Porter ML
马蹄蟹是剑齿纲螯足动物，是蛛形纲动物的姊妹类。因此，它们对于了解真角动物最近的共同祖先以及节肢动物的进化和多样化具有重要意义。马蹄蟹（Limulus polyphemus）是现存四种马蹄蟹中被研究最多的一种，其视觉系统的结构和功能一直是研究节肢动物视觉系统进化的重要焦点。同样，研究编码视蛋白（视觉色素的蛋白质成分）的基因，对于理解螯合动物中视蛋白的进化和多样化至关重要，在螯合动物中，对视蛋白的了解是有限的，更广泛地说，在节肢动物中。在本研究中，我们对L. polyphemus的高质量核基因组序列进行了测序和组装，并利用这些数据对limus opsins的全部库进行了注释。我们对鲎视蛋白进行了详细的系统发育分析，包括利用基因结构和合成信息来确定不同视蛋白类别之间的关系。我们用我们的系统发育来确定重要的基因组事件，这些事件塑造了视蛋白的进化，从而形成了limus的视觉系统。我们还描述了18种视蛋白的组织表达模式，并表明编码一个数字的转录本，包括peropsin，存在于整个中枢神经系统。除了显著扩展了我们对鲎的光敏性的理解，并为马蹄蟹视蛋白的基因组进化提供了重要的见解外，这项工作还为解决与剑肢动物生理学和节肢动物进化相关的无数问题提供了宝贵的基因组资源。
Horseshoe crabs are xiphosuran chelicerates, the sister group to arachnids. As such, they are important for understanding the most recent common ancestor of Euchelicerata and the evolution and diversification of Arthropoda. Limulus polyphemus is the most investigated of the four extant species of horseshoe crabs, and the structure and function of its visual system have long been a major focus of studies critical for understanding the evolution of visual systems in arthropods. Likewise, studies of genes encoding Limulus opsins, the protein component of the visual pigments, are critical for understanding opsin evolution and diversification among chelicerates, where knowledge of opsins is limited, and more broadly among arthropods. In the present study, we sequenced and assembled a high quality nuclear genomic sequence of L. polyphemus and used these data to annotate the full repertoire of Limulus opsins. We conducted a detailed phylogenetic analysis of Limulus opsins, including using gene structure and synteny information to identify relationships among different opsin classes. We used our phylogeny to identify significant genomic events that shaped opsin evolution and therefore the visual system of Limulus. We also describe the tissue expression patterns of the 18 opsins identified and show that transcripts encoding a number, including a peropsin, are present throughout the central nervous system. In addition to significantly extending our understanding of photosensitivity in Limulus and providing critical insight into the genomic evolution of horseshoe crab opsins, this work provides a valuable genomic resource for addressing myriad questions related to xiphosuran physiology and arthropod evolution.