A Distributed Real-time Scheduling System for Industrial Wireless Networks
A Distributed Real-time Scheduling System for Industrial Wireless Networks
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DOI：
10.1145/3464429
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发表时间：
2021-07
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. P. Modekurthy;Abusayeed Saifullah;S. Madria
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作者：
V. P. Modekurthy;Abusayeed Saifullah;S. Madria
工业4.0的概念引入了工业物联网(IoT)、网络物理系统和数据驱动的业务建模的统一，以提高工厂的生产效率。为了确保高生产效率，Industry 4.0要求工业物联网具有适应性、可扩展性、实时性和可靠性。最近成功的工业无线标准，如WirelessHART，似乎是此类工业物联网的可行方法。为了在高度不可靠的环境中进行可靠和实时的通信，它们采用了高度冗余。虽然高度冗余对实时控制至关重要，但在集中式方法下会造成能量、带宽和时间的巨大浪费，因此不太适合扩展和处理网络动态。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一种用于无线HART网络的分布式实时调度系统DistributedHART。该方法的本质是通过节点之间的时间窗口分配来采用本地(节点级)调度，允许每个节点使用本地和在线的实时调度策略来调度其传输。在我们的方法中，分布式HART消除了创建和分发中央全局调度的需要，从而显著减少了资源使用并增强了可伸缩性。据我们所知，它是WirelessHART的第一个分布式实时多通道调度器。我们已经实现了DistributedHART，并在130节点的测试床上进行了实验。我们的试验台实验和仿真表明，在保证相似可调度性的情况下，分布式HART比现有的集中式HART至少节省85%的能耗。
The concept of Industry 4.0 introduces the unification of industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT), cyber physical systems, and data-driven business modeling to improve production efficiency of the factories. To ensure high production efficiency, Industry 4.0 requires industrial IoT to be adaptable, scalable, real-time, and reliable. Recent successful industrial wireless standards such as WirelessHART appeared as a feasible approach for such industrial IoT. For reliable and real-time communication in highly unreliable environments, they adopt a high degree of redundancy. While a high degree of redundancy is crucial to real-time control, it causes a huge waste of energy, bandwidth, and time under a centralized approach and are therefore less suitable for scalability and handling network dynamics. To address these challenges, we propose DistributedHART—a distributed real-time scheduling system for WirelessHART networks. The essence of our approach is to adopt local (node-level) scheduling through a time window allocation among the nodes that allows each node to schedule its transmissions using a real-time scheduling policy locally and online. DistributedHART obviates the need of creating and disseminating a central global schedule in our approach, thereby significantly reducing resource usage and enhancing the scalability. To our knowledge, it is the first distributed real-time multi-channel scheduler for WirelessHART. We have implemented DistributedHART and experimented on a 130-node testbed. Our testbed experiments as well as simulations show at least 85% less energy consumption in DistributedHART compared to existing centralized approach while ensuring similar schedulability.