Revisiting Declines in Social Capital: Evidence from a New Measure.
Revisiting Declines in Social Capital: Evidence from a New Measure.
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重新审视社会资本的下降：新衡量标准的证据。
DOI：
10.1007/s11205-018-1956-6
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Ressler,RobertW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiss,Inbar;Paxton,Pamela;Velasco,Kristopher;Ressler,RobertW
在二十世纪末，研究人员开始呼吁人们注意美国社会资本的下降以及这种趋势对健康社会的潜在后果。虽然研究人员对20世纪中期以来社会资本的下降进行了经验性的评估，但随着主要的数据来源--综合社会调查在2004年停止回答关键问题，这一研究方向就消失了。因此，我们不知道，在21世纪的美国，社会资本，特别是社团社会资本，是下降了、稳定了，还是增加了。在本文中，我们利用验证性因素分析对2008-2011年和2013年当前人口调查的公民参与补充资料中的六个指标进行了新的联想社会资本衡量。我们的发现支持了之前的研究，即联想社会资本似乎并没有随着时间的推移而下降。然而，我们确实发现了在大衰退期间联想呈非线性减少的证据。然而，在整个时间段内，团体成员并没有减少，个人与邻居相处的时间也几乎没有发生实际变化。我们对社会资本差异的分析也表明，从2008年到2013年，社会资本在全国范围内的分散度没有发生普遍变化。本文提出了社会资本的测量方法，更新了我们对社会资本可能衰退的认识。
In the late twentieth century, researchers began calling attention to declining social capital in America and the potential consequences of this trend for a healthy society. While researchers empirically assessed the decline in social capital from the mid-1900s onward, this line of research diminished when the major source of data, the General Social Survey, stopped fielding critical questions in 2004. We do not know, therefore, whether social capital, especially associational social capital, has declined, stabilized, or even increased in a twentyfirst century America. In this paper, we develop a new measure of associational social capital using a confirmatory factor analysis of six indicators from the Civic Engagement Supplement to the Current Population Survey for 2008–2011 and 2013. Our findings support previous research suggesting that associational social capital does not seem to be declining over time. However, we do find evidence of a nonlinear decrease in associating during the Great Recession years. Across the entire time period, though, membership in groups has not declined and there has been little practical change in the amount of time that individuals spend with neighbors. Our analysis of the variance of social capital also shows no general change in the national dispersion of social capital from 2008 to 2013. The paper advances the measurement of social capital and updates our understanding of its possible decline.