Immediate memory, attention and communication disturbances in schizophrenia patients and their relatives
Immediate memory, attention and communication disturbances in schizophrenia patients and their relatives
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291798007843
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Gordinier, SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Docherty, NM;Gordinier, SW
背景精神分裂症的部分定义是思想和语言的障碍。患者的非精神分裂症亲属也被发现表现出微妙的语言障碍，这可能与脆弱性有关。研究人员假设，这些现象在患者和他们的亲属是，至少在一定程度上，在注意力和记忆方面的弱点的结果。本研究评估了一些神经心理过程相关的三种不同措施的思想和语言症状在55个稳定的门诊病人，使用测试的即时听觉记忆障碍和听觉分心，并仔细控制广义赤字的影响。对59名非精神分裂症患者的亲属和24名与亲属相匹配的对照者进行了参照性沟通障碍的平行评估。在患者中，正式的思维障碍，混乱，参照沟通障碍都与对方和听觉分心。此外，正如预期的那样，参考沟通障碍与即时听觉记忆障碍有关。亲属的参考干扰等级在幅度上与稳定的门诊患者相似，远高于对照组。然而，亲属的语言等级与注意力或记忆力的弱点没有特别的联系。即时听觉记忆和注意力的损害与精神分裂症患者不同类型的沟通障碍有差异。亲属中参照性沟通障碍的认知基础似乎与患者有质的不同。
Background. Schizophrenia has been defined in part by disturbances of thought and language. The non-schizophrenic relatives of patients also have been found to show subtle disturbances of language that may be associated with vulnerability. Investigators have hypothesized that these phenomena in patients and their relatives are, at least in part, the result of weaknesses in facets of attention and memory.Methods. The present study assessed some neuropsychological process correlates of three different measures of thought and language symptoms in 55 stable out-patients, using tests of immediate auditory memory impairment and auditory distractability, and carefully controlling for generalized deficit effects. A parallel assessment was made of referential communication disturbances in 59 nonschizophrenic relatives of patients and 24 control subjects matched to the relatives.Results. In patients, formal thought disorder, disorganization, and referential communication disturbances were all associated with each other and with auditory distractability. In addition, as expected, referential communication disturbances were associated with immediate auditory memory impairment. Referential disturbance ratings for relatives were similar in magnitude to those for the stable out-patients, and much higher than for controls. However, the relatives' language ratings were not associated specifically with weaknesses in attention or memory as measured.Conclusions. Impairments in immediate auditory memory and attention are associated differentially with different types of communication disturbances in schizophrenia patients. The cognitive substrate for referential communication disturbances in relatives appears to differ qualitatively from that for patients.