Respiratory source control using a surgicalmask: An in vitro study
Respiratory source control using a surgicalmask: An in vitro study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/15459624.2015.1043050
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Smaldone, Gerald C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patel, Rajeev B.;Skaria, Shaji D.;Smaldone, Gerald C.
咳嗽礼仪和呼吸道卫生是鼓励防止呼吸道感染传播的源头控制形式。使用外科口罩作为源头控制手段在减少与他人接触方面尚未量化。我们设计了一个使用各种面罩的体外模型，以评估在感染源（源）佩戴相对于主要（接收器）保护佩戴的面罩时，它们对暴露减少的贡献，以及对每种情况有贡献的因素。在具有各种气流的腔室中，使用潮式呼吸和咳嗽通过通风软面人体模型头呼出放射性标记的气溶胶（来源）。Anothermanikin，包含过滤器，量化受体暴露（接收器）。测试了自然贴合外科口罩、贴合（SecureFit）医用口罩和N95级过滤面罩呼吸器（通常称为“N95呼吸器”）（带和不带凡士林密封剂）。对于咳嗽，在所有环境中，源控制（源上的面罩或呼吸器）在统计学上上级接收器上的面罩或未密封的呼吸器保护（接收器保护）。为了在咳嗽期间进行源控制，N95呼吸器必须是凡士林密封的。在潮式呼吸期间，源控制与接收器上的面罩或呼吸器防护相当或上级。通过外科口罩进行源头控制可能是预防呼吸道感染传播的重要辅助手段。面罩或呼吸器的适合性，结合特定环境中的气流模式，是源控制功效的重要因素。未来的临床试验应包括口罩源控制臂，以评估源控制在防止空气传播感染的整体保护中的作用。
Cough etiquette and respiratory hygiene are forms of source control encouraged to prevent the spread of respiratory infection. The use of surgical masks as a means of source control has not been quantified in terms of reducing exposure to others. We designed an in vitro model using various facepieces to assess their contribution to exposure reduction when worn at the infectious source (Source) relative to facepieces worn for primary (Receiver) protection, and the factors that contribute to each. In a chamber with various airflows, radiolabeled aerosols were exhaled via a ventilated soft-face manikin head using tidal breathing and cough (Source). Anothermanikin, containing a filter, quantified recipient exposure (Receiver). The natural fit surgical mask, fitted (SecureFit) surgicalmask and an N95-class filtering facepiece respirator (commonly known as an " N95 respirator") with and without a Vaselineseal were tested. With cough, source control (mask or respirator on Source) was statistically superior to mask or unsealed respirator protection on the Receiver (Receiver protection) in all environments. To equal source control during coughing, the N95 respirator must be Vaseline-sealed. During tidal breathing, source controlwas comparable or superior to mask or respirator protection on the Receiver. Source control via surgical masks may be an important adjunct defense against the spread of respiratory infections. The fit of the mask or respirator, in combination with the airflow patterns in a given setting, are significant contributors to source control efficacy. Future clinical trials should include a surgicalmask source control arm to assess the contribution of source control in overall protection against airborne infection.