Dynamics of Atomic Hydrogen in Palladium Probed by Neutron Spectroscopy
Dynamics of Atomic Hydrogen in Palladium Probed by Neutron Spectroscopy
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DOI：
10.7566/jpsj.89.051002
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发表时间：
2020-05-15
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Yamamuro, Osamu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kofu, Maiko;Yamamuro, Osamu
几十年来，氢在金属中的行为在基础和应用研究领域引起了相当大的关注。在金属中，钯是引人注目的，因为它可以吸收大量的氢，并且氢原子在fcc Pd晶格中是高度移动的。钯中氢的动力学已经被中子能谱研究，这是最好的工具，提供洞察氢原子的微观动力学。在体系统中，用非弹性中子散射成功地测量了氢原子的声子色散关系和振动。准弹性中子散射也证实了间隙位间的跳跃扩散过程。上述观察结果与包含量子效应的理论计算相一致。纳米粒子和变形的材料，其中周围的氢环境显着改变，也进行了研究。非大块样的行为表明在改性环境中产生的新的稳定位点的存在。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了最近和历史的中子散射工作，以促进最新的理解散装和纳米尺寸的钯氢动力学。
The behavior of hydrogen in metals has attracted considerable attention in fundamental and applied research areas for many decades. Among metals, palladium is remarkable because it can absorb large quantities of hydrogen, and hydrogen atoms are highly mobile in the fcc Pd lattice. The dynamics of hydrogen in Pd have been investigated by neutron spectroscopy, which is the best tool to provide insights into the microscopic dynamics of hydrogen atoms. As for a bulk system, the phonon dispersion relations and atomic vibrations of hydrogen were successfully measured by inelastic neutron scattering. The jump diffusion processes among interstitial sites Pd lattices were also confirmed by quasielastic neutron scattering. The above observations were reconciled with theoretical calculations incorporating quantum effects. The nanoparticles and deformed materials, in which the environment surrounding hydrogen is significantly changed, were also investigated. Non-bulk-like behaviors indicate the existence of new stable sites generated in the modified environment. In this article, we review recent and historical neutron scattering works to facilitate the latest understanding of the hydrogen dynamics in bulk and nanometer-sized Pd hydrides.