First 14C Results from Archaeological and Forensic Studies at the Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator
First 14C Results from Archaeological and Forensic Studies at the Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator
复制标题
维也纳环境研究加速器考古和法医研究的第一个 14C 结果
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Vycudilik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Wild;R. Golser;P. Hille;W. Kutschera;A. Priller;S. Puchegger;W. Rom;P. Steier;W. Vycudilik
新的维也纳环境研究加速器 (VERA) 的 14C 测年始于对奥地利阿尔卑斯地区发现的木乃伊土拨鼠的年龄测定。土拨鼠的软组织和骨骼用于研究。为了进行比较，还对已知年龄样本的骨材料进行了处理和测量。这些练习表明，用 VERA 进行 14C 测年是可靠的，从那时起，考古背景下的各种样本都已被测年。我们还研究了 14C 方法在法医学中确定人类个体死亡时间的适用性。对来自不同有机人体材料（骨胶原、来自骨骼和骨髓的脂质、头发）的样本进行 14C/12C 测量，并将其与对流层“炸弹峰值”值进行比较，以将测量的比率转换为“校准年龄”。对于周转率较快的特定物质，这可以估算个体的死亡时间。在我们的研究中，脂质和头发产生合理的死亡时间，而来自骨骼的胶原蛋白部分具有相对较长的周转时间，不适合此目的。
14C dating with the new Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator (VERA) began with the age determination of a mummified marmot found in the Austrian Alpine region. Soft tissue and bones of the marmot were used for the investigation. For comparison, bone material from known-age samples was also processed and measured. These exercises showed that 14C dating with VERA is reliable, and since that time various samples from archaeological context have been dated. We also studied the applicability of the 14C method in forensic sciences to determine the time of death of human individuals. 14C/12C measurements of samples from different organic human material (bone collagen, lipids from bone and bone marrow, hair) were performed and compared with the tropospheric “bomb peak” values to transform the measured ratios into “calibrated ages”. For specific substances with rapid turnover rates, this gives an estimate for the time of death of the individual. In our study, lipids and hair yield reasonable times of death, whereas the collagen fraction from bones, which has a relatively long turnover time, is not suitable for this purpose.