Dietary intake of modernizing Samoans: Implications for risk of cardiovascular disease
Dietary intake of modernizing Samoans: Implications for risk of cardiovascular disease
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DOI：
10.1016/s0002-8223(99)00044-9
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Afele-Fa'amuli, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Galanis, DJ;McGarvey, ST;Afele-Fa'amuli, S
目的描述美属萨摩亚人和西萨摩亚人的膳食摄入量，重点介绍与心血管疾病危险因素相关的营养素。摄入量估计是基于24小时的回忆访谈。受试者以社区为基础的样本946名男性和女性(455名美属萨摩亚人，491名西萨摩亚人)，年龄在25到55岁之间。统计分析检验经济状况(t检验)和比例差异(chi(2)检验)。结果男性和女性的能量和营养素摄入量差异不大，但美属萨摩亚居民和西萨摩亚现代化程度较低的国家居民之间存在显著差异。美属萨摩亚人摄入的能量明显更多，碳水化合物(47%比44%)和蛋白质(18%比13%)，脂肪(36%比46%)和饱和脂肪(16%比30%)更少。在美属萨摩亚人中，能量调整后的胆固醇和钠的摄入量更高。在对年龄、发送者、受教育年限、职业和物质生活方式10分的类别进行调整后，这些差异仍然存在。物质生活水平最低的萨摩亚人的能量调整后蛋白质、胆固醇和钠的摄入量显著低于物质生活方式最低的两类人，而饱和脂肪的摄入量高于物质生活方式最低的两类人。其他分析描述了特定食物对能量和常量营养素摄入量的贡献。结论/应用观察到的能量和营养摄入模式与先前报道的一致。萨摩亚人的肥胖水平和心血管疾病的危险因素，并建议对风险最高的人调整饮食。为萨摩亚人和其他太平洋岛民客户提供咨询的营养学从业者应该意识到这些摄取模式，它们似乎特别容易受到个人收入水平的影响。更广泛地说，这项研究的结果表明，某些民族的食物选择可能会受到一个国家内部现代化进程的深刻影响，或者受到向经济更发达地区的移民的影响。
Objective To describe the dietary intake of American and Western Samoans, with emphasis on nutrients conventionally related to risk factors for cardiovascular disease.Design Cross-sectional dietary survey. Intake estimates were based on 24-hour recall interviews.Subject Community-based samples of 946 men and women (455 American Samoans, 491 Western Samoans) aged 25 to 55 years.Statistical analyses Tests of differences in means (t tests) and proportions (chi(2) tests). Correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to describe correlates of energy and nutrient intakes.Results Few differences were noted between the energy and nutrient intakes of men and women, but substantial differ ences were found between residents of American Samoa and those of the less modernized country of Western Samoa. American Samoans consumed significantly more energy as carbohydrate (47% vs 44%) and protein (18% vs 13%) and less as fat (36% vs 46%) and saturated fat (16% vs 30%). Energy-adjusted intakes of cholesterol and sodium were higher among American Samoans. These differences per sisted after adjustment for age, Sender, years of education, occupation, and categories of a 10-point material lifestyle score. Samoans in the lowest category of material lifestyle had significantly lower energy-adjusted intakes of protein, cholesterol, and sodium and higher intakes of saturated fat than those in the upper 2 categories. Additional analyses described the contribution of specific, foods to the intakes of energy and macronutrients.Conclusions/applications The observed energy and nutrient intake patterns are consistent with previously reported. levels of obesity and risk factors for cardiovascular disease among Samoans and suggest dietary modification for those at highest risk. Dietetics practitioners who counsel Samoan and other Pacific Islander clients should be aware of these intake patterns, which seem particularly malleable to levels of personal income. More generally, results from this study illustrate that the food choices of certain ethnic groups may be profoundly affected by the process of modernization within a country or by migration to a more economically developed locale.