ALUMINUM TOXICITY AND TOLERANCE IN PLANTS
ALUMINUM TOXICITY AND TOLERANCE IN PLANTS
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.107.2.315
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发表时间：
1995-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
RYAN, PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DELHAIZE, E;RYAN, PR
铝（Al）是地壳中最丰富的金属，约占其质量的7%。由于许多植物物种是敏感的微摩尔浓度的铝，潜在的土壤是A1毒性是相当大的。幸运的是，大多数A1被配体结合或以其他非植物毒性形式存在，如铝硅酸盐和沉淀物。然而，这A1的增溶增强低pH值和A1毒性是一个主要因素限制植物生产酸性土壤。当碱性阳离子从土壤中浸出时，土壤酸化可以自然发展，但某些耕作方法和酸雨会加速土壤酸化（Kennedy，1986年）。在这些土壤上维持生产的策略包括施用石灰以提高土壤pH值和使用耐酸性土壤的植物。虽然A1毒性已被确定为酸性土壤的问题超过70年，我们的知识的主要网站的毒性和事件链，最终影响植物生长仍然在很大程度上是推测。本文综述了近年来植物对A1毒害的认识及植物耐A1机制的研究进展。
Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal in the earths crust, comprising about 7% of its mass. Since many plant species are sensitive to micromolar concentrations of Al, the potential for soils to be A1 toxic is considerable. Fortunately, most of the A1 is bound by ligands or occurs in other nonphytotoxic forms such as aluminosilicates and precipitates. However, solubilization of this A1 is enhanced by low pH and A1 toxicity is a major factor limiting plant production on acid soils. Soil acidification can develop naturally when basic cations are leached from soils, but it can be accelerated by some farming practices and by acid rain (Kennedy, 1986). Strategies to maintain production on these soils include the application of lime to raise the soil pH and the use of plants that are tolerant of acid soils. Although A1 toxicity has been identified as a problem of acid soils for over 70 years, our knowledge about the primary sites of toxicity and the chain of events that finally affects plant growth remains largely speculative. In this paper we review recent progress that has been made in our understanding of A1 toxicity and the mechanisms of A1 tolerance in plants.