RACIAL ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES IN SMOKING, DRINKING, AND ILLICIT DRUG-USE AMONG AMERICAN HIGH-SCHOOL SENIORS, 1976-89
RACIAL ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES IN SMOKING, DRINKING, AND ILLICIT DRUG-USE AMONG AMERICAN HIGH-SCHOOL SENIORS, 1976-89
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.81.3.372
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发表时间：
1991-03-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
NEIGHBORS, HW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BACHMAN, JG;WALLACE, JM;NEIGHBORS, HW
背景。本文报告了美国高中高年级学生在合法和非法药物使用方面的种族/民族差异。该研究使用了1976年至1989年对全国老年人进行的年度代表性调查的问卷数据。1976- 1979年的总样本量为57620人；1980-84年75,772人；1985- 1989年的结果为73,527。印第安人的香烟、酒精和大多数非法药物的患病率最高；白人学生使用大多数药物的比例次之。亚裔美国人的患病率最低，黑人学生的患病率几乎同样低，除了大麻。西班牙裔人群的患病率除男性可卡因使用率较高外，大多处于中等水平。大多数形式的药物使用的趋势模式在亚组中是相似的，尽管黑人老年人的香烟使用比白人老年人下降得更快，导致近年来黑人和白人之间的差异更大。这项研究、其他以学校为基础的研究和一般人口调查都显示，大多数非白人青年，尤其是黑人和亚裔美国人，吸毒水平相对较低。多变量分析表明，高中毕业生吸毒亚组差异的主要原因不是家庭组成、父母教育程度、地区或城乡差异。
Background. This paper reports racial/ethnic differences in the use of licit and illicit drugs by high school seniors in the United States.Methods. The study uses questionnaire data from annual, nationally representative surveys of seniors from 1976 through 1989. Combined sample sizes were 57,620 for 1976-79; 75,772 for 1980-84; and 73,527 for 1985-89.Results. Native Americans had the highest prevalence rates for cigarettes, alcohol, and most illicit drugs; White students had the next highest rates for most drugs. Asian Americans had the lowest prevalence rates, and Black students had levels nearly as low except for marijuana. Prevalence rates for the Hispanic groups were mostly in the intermediate ranges except for relatively high cocaine use among the males. Trend patterns for most forms of drug use were similar across subgroups, although cigarette use declined more sharply for Black than White seniors, resulting in greater Black-White differences in recent years.Conclusions. This study, other school-based studies, and general population surveys all show relatively low levels of drug use by most non-White youth, especially Black Americans and Asian Americans. Multivariate analyses indicate that such subgroup differences in high school seniors' drug use are not primarily attributable to family composition, parents' education, region, or urban-rural distinctions.