Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP): A New NASA Mission

Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP): A New NASA Mission
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星际测绘和加速探测器 (IMAP):美国宇航局的一项新任务

DOI:
10.1007/s11214-018-0550-1
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
10.3
通讯作者:
E. Zirnstein
E. Zirnstein
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
D. McComas;E. Christian;N. Schwadron;N. Fox;J. Westlake;F. Allegrini;F. Allegrini;D. N. Baker;D. Biesecker;M. Bzowski;George Clark;C. Cohen;Ian Cohen;M. Dayeh;M. Dayeh;R. Decker;G. A. Nolfo;Mihir Desai;Mihir Desai;R. Ebert;H. Elliott;H. Fahr;P. Frisch;H. Funsten;S. Fuselier;S. Fuselier;A. Galli;A. Galvin;J. Giacalone;M. Gkioulidou;F. Guo;M. Horányi;P. Isenberg;P. Janzen;L. Kistler;K. Korreck;M. Kubiak;Harald Kucharek;Brian A. Larsen;R. Leske;N. Lugaz;J. Luhmann;W. Matthaeus;Donald G. Mitchell;Eberhard Moebius;K. Ogasawara;D. Reisenfeld;John D. Richardson;Christopher T. Russell;J. Sokół;H. Spence;Ruth M. Skoug;Z. Sternovsky;P. Swaczyna;J. Szalay;M. Tokumaru;M. Wiedenbeck;P. Wurz;G. Zank;E. Zirnstein

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星际测绘和加速探测器(IMAP)是一项革命性的任务,它同时研究了当今太阳物理学中最重要的两个问题:高能粒子的加速和太阳风与星际介质的相互作用。虽然它们看似不同,但它们是紧密耦合的,因为在内部日光层中加速的粒子在外部日光层相互作用中发挥着关键作用。IMAP于2018年被NASA选中,计划于2024年发射。IMAP航天器是一个简单的太阳指向旋转器,在围绕太阳-地球L1点的轨道上运行。IMAP的十台仪器提供了一套完整和协同的观测,以同时剖析1AU处的粒子注入和加速过程,同时远程探测全球日球层相互作用及其对这些过程产生的粒子群的响应。在1AU的现场,IMAP提供了对太阳风电子和离子、超热、拾取和高能离子以及行星际磁场的详细观测。对于外部日光层相互作用,IMAP通过高能中性原子成像提供了对远距离等离子体和高能离子在广泛能量范围内的高级全球观测,并对穿透日光层的星际中性原子进行了精确观测。星际尘埃和星际中性物的紫外线光芒的互补观测进一步加深了IMAP的物理理解。IMAP还连续广播重要的实时空间天气观测。最后,IMAP通过各种创新机会与更广泛的太阳物理学社区接触。本文概述了IMAP在A阶段开发开始时的任务。
The Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) is a revolutionary mission that simultaneously investigates two of the most important overarching issues in Heliophysics today: the acceleration of energetic particles and interaction of the solar wind with the local interstellar medium. While seemingly disparate, these are intimately coupled because particles accelerated in the inner heliosphere play critical roles in the outer heliospheric interaction. Selected by NASA in 2018, IMAP is planned to launch in 2024. The IMAP spacecraft is a simple sun-pointed spinner in orbit about the Sun-Earth L1 point. IMAP’s ten instruments provide a complete and synergistic set of observations to simultaneously dissect the particle injection and acceleration processes at 1 AU while remotely probing the global heliospheric interaction and its response to particle populations generated by these processes. In situ at 1 AU, IMAP provides detailed observations of solar wind electrons and ions; suprathermal, pickup, and energetic ions; and the interplanetary magnetic field. For the outer heliosphere interaction, IMAP provides advanced global observations of the remote plasma and energetic ions over a broad energy range via energetic neutral atom imaging, and precise observations of interstellar neutral atoms penetrating the heliosphere. Complementary observations of interstellar dust and the ultraviolet glow of interstellar neutrals further deepen the physical understanding from IMAP. IMAP also continuously broadcasts vital real-time space weather observations. Finally, IMAP engages the broader Heliophysics community through a variety of innovative opportunities. This paper summarizes the IMAP mission at the start of Phase A development.
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