One-to-many matching and section-based formulation of autonomous ridesharing equilibrium
One-to-many matching and section-based formulation of autonomous ridesharing equilibrium
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trb.2021.11.002
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mohamadhossein Noruzoliaee;Bo Zou
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文献类型：
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作者：
Mohamadhossein Noruzoliaee;Bo Zou
本文在混合自动驾驶汽车（SAV）和人类驾驶车辆（HV）交通的网络平衡设置中，对多个旅行者同时乘坐一辆共享自动驾驶汽车（SAV）的自主共乘进行了建模。我们做出了两个主要的方法论贡献。首先，提出了一种新的一对多（SAV）匹配方法，用于描述SAV和多个在SAV中共享乘车的乘客在在线匹配过程中的等待时间，该方法是对没有乘车共享的一对一匹配的非平凡推广.我们的匹配表征考虑了旅行者与SAV匹配的可能性，SAV从同一起点出发，由于皮卡或搬迁而未被占用，或者与经过旅行者起点的在役SAV匹配。其次，基于分段的SAV拼车用户均衡公式被引入到SAV出行者流的特征，它适应的可能性，SAV出行者的行程（OD对）是不同的服务SAV和SAV中的其他旅客。与现有的基于链路和路线的共乘公式不同，区段的概念既防止了不期望的旅行者途中换乘，又允许多个OD的旅行者共享共乘，同时尊重SAV座位容量约束。除了上述两种方法的贡献，最优SAV车队规模，票价，路由和分配（在服务，皮卡，和搬迁状态）的交通网络公司（TNC）的决策制定。跨国公司的决策预期旅行者的反应，其特征在于一个新的多模式自主共乘用户均衡（MARUE），这是提出了证明其存在，并发现内生市场份额和道路拥挤的SAV/HV的影响。从模型实施中获得了原始见解，包括拼车的巨大系统效益，拼车存在下搬迁的边际效益，以及SAV规模经济的递减。
This paper models autonomous ridesharing — multiple travelers simultaneously riding one shared autonomous vehicle (SAV) — in a network equilibrium setting with mixed SAV and human-driven vehicle (HV) traffic. We make two major methodological contributions. First, a novelone (SAV)-to-many (riders) matchingis proposed to characterize the waiting times of an SAV and multiple travelers who share rides in the SAV during online matching, which is a nontrivial generalization of the one-to-one matching without ridesharing. Our matching characterization considers the possibilities of a traveler matched with an SAV starting from the same origin, whereto the SAV moved unoccupied as a result of either pickup or relocation, or with an in-service SAV that goes through the traveler's origin. Second, asection-based formulation for SAV ridesharing user equilibriumis introduced to characterize the SAV traveler flow, which accommodates the possibility that an SAV traveler's itinerary (OD pair) is different from that of the serving SAV and other travelers in the SAV. Unlike the existing link and route based ridesharing formulations, the notion of section both prevents undesired traveler en-route transfer(s) and allows travelers of multiple ODs to share rides, meanwhile respecting the SAV seat capacity constraint. In addition to the above two methodological contributions, the optimalSAV fleet size, fare, routing, and allocation(to in-service, pickup, and relocation states) decisions of a transportation network company (TNC) are formulated. The TNC decisions anticipate traveler reactions as characterized by a new multimodal autonomous ridesharing user equilibrium (MARUE), which is put forward with a proof of its existence and finds the endogenous market shares and road congestion effects of SAV/HV. Original insights are obtained from model implementation, including substantial systemwide benefit of ridesharing, marginal benefit of relocation in the presence of ridesharing, and diminishing economies of SAV size.