Optimal Imperfection? Domestic Uncertainty and Institutions in International Relations
Optimal Imperfection? Domestic Uncertainty and Institutions in International Relations
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最佳的不完美？
DOI：
10.2307/2151991
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
David M. Rocke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Downs;David M. Rocke
在过去的十年里，“国内政治问题”已经成为国际关系学者的战斗口号，但问题仍然存在：它到底有多重要？在这本书中，乔治·唐斯和大卫·罗克认为，国内政治的国际影响的一个重要部分来自于对其许多不确定性的制度反应。这种影响与其说是由于这些不确定性可能导致的判断错误，不如说是由于认识到这种错误可能产生的战略和制度后果。本书的核心是对三种国内不确定性如何通过对三种截然不同的机构的影响来塑造国际关系的形式分析。其中一章讨论了公民为应对其代表质量的不确定性而制定的决策规则，以及这些规则如何导致自相矛盾的“为复活而赌博”效应。另一章描述了关贸总协定的弱执行条款在多大程度上可以被理解为一种机制，以应对不确定但时断时续的利益集团保护要求。第三章着眼于不确定性对多边监管机构（如《蒙特利尔议定书》和欧盟）的创建、生存和成员资格的影响，因为一些国家质疑其他国家履行其条约义务的能力。
"Domestic political matters" has become a rallying cry for international relations scholars over the past decade, yet the question still remains: Just how does it matter? In this book, George Downs and David Rocke argue that an important part of the international impact of domestic politics springs from the institutional responses to its many uncertainties. This impact is due not so much to the errors in judgment these uncertainties can cause as to the strategic and institutional consequences of knowing that such errors are possible. The heart of the book is its formal analysis of how three kinds of domestic uncertainty have shaped international relations through their influence on three very different institutions. One chapter deals with the decision rules that citizens create to cope with uncertainty about the quality of their representation, and how these can lead to the paradoxical "gambling for resurrection" effect. Another chapter describes the extent to which the weak enforcement provisions of GATT can be understood as a mechanism to cope with uncertain but intermittent interest group demands for protection. The third chapter looks at the impact of uncertainty on the creation, survival, and membership of multilateral regulatory institutions, such as the Montreal Protocol and EU, when some states question the capacity of other states to meet their treaty obligations.