Against Essentialism: A Theory of Culture and Society
Against Essentialism: A Theory of Culture and Society
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反对本质主义：文化与社会理论
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
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通讯作者：
S. Fuchs
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作者：
S. Fuchs
引言1唯物主义之后的理论对观察者的解释观察者观察者的观察层次观察者观察中的意识形态冲突内外观察者的价值自由与无私“回归本土”的神话一些相当古老的方法规则经典重温，简要网络和系统工作认识论的一些要素2如何用锤子社会化代表危机不确定性和理论宽容翻译的不确定性经验化语境和界限的不可分割性双重诠释物与人3理性之后的文化理性原因和原因人的统一性人想要什么和相信什么？决策，决策如何定位理性理性的一些协变量4文化的基础从不介意谁知道？不知道！意义观察文化和文化观察者的意义文化中有什么？文化分层艺术声誉从创造力到天才5种社会交往模式I：相遇，团体和组织人的身体和大脑情感自我社会层次相遇团体组织组织文化的变化6种社会交往模式II：网络漂移力场对网络的动力代谢重整化自生相似性统一边界网络扩展文化网络7现实主义解释了现实主义的连续体核心扩展和时间机器指令密度垄断和霸权竞争和分散识字和印刷口头，感知和共现共识距离和前阶段结论附录：论文参考文献索引
Introduction 1 Theory after Essentialism Accounting for the Observer Observing Observers Levels of Observing Ideological Conflicts in Observation Inside and Outside Observers Value-Freedom and Disinterestedness The Myth of "Going Native" A Few Pretty Old Rules of Method The Classics Revisited, Briefly Networks and Systems Some Elements of a Working Epistemology 2 How to Sociologize with a Hammer The Crisis of Representation Underdetermination and Theory-Ladenness The Indeterminacy of Translation Empiricizing Contexts and Demarcations Incommensurability The Double Hermeneutic Things and Persons 3 Cultural Rationality After Reason Causes and Reasons The Unity of Persons What Do Persons Want and Believe? Decisions, Decisions How to Locate Rationality Some Covariates of Rationality 4 Foundations of Culture Never Minds Who Knows? No Idea! The Meanings of Meaning Observing Culture and Cultural Observers What Is in a Culture? Cultural Stratification Art Reputation From Creativity to Genius 5 Modes of Social Association I: Encounters, Groups, and Organizations The Bodies and Brains of Persons Emotional Selves Levels of Society Encounters Groups Organizations Variations in Organizational Cultures 6 Modes of Social Association II: Networks Drift Fields of Forces Power to the Networks Metabolism Renormalization Autopoiesis Self-Similarity Unity Boundaries Network Expansions Networks of Culture 7 Realism Explained A Continuum of Realism Core Expansions and Time Machines Instruction Density Monopoly and Hegemony Competition and Decentralization Literacy and Printing Orality, Perception, and Copresence Consensus Distance and Frontstages Conclusion Appendix: Theses References Index