Beta carotene: from biochemistry to clinical trials.
Beta carotene: from biochemistry to clinical trials.
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β-胡萝卜素：从生物化学到临床试验。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1753-4887.2000.tb07810.x
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Rock,CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pryor,WA;Stahl,W;Rock,CL
Three large-scale clinical trials tested the effects of supplemental 8-carotene on the risk for chronic diseases such as cancer. The populations involved were Finnish male heavy smokers (the Alpha Tocopherol Beta Carotene [ATBC] trial), male asbestos workers and male and female heavy smokers (Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial [CARET]), and US. male physicians, 11% of whom were current smokers (Physician's Health Study). All three trials concluded that 8-carotene provided no protection against lung cancer; however, quite unexpectedlK two of the trials found a higher risk for lung cancer for those subjects given 8-carotene compared with those that were not. Several authors concluded from these 8-carotene trials that the protective effects of antioxidants against chronic disease are not as great as had been hoped. As reviewed here, however, 8-carotene may or may not be an antioxidant; it certainly differs in many respects from the prototypical antioxidant, vitamin E. In any case, the majority of 8-carotene's effects in vivo are probably not derived from any antioxidant properties that it may possess, but rather from its effect on a number of biochemical systems. Whether taking supplemental antioxidants can reduce the risk for chronic diseases remains to be established, although the case for vitamin E and heart disease appears strong. However, the association between eating a diet sufficient in fruits and vegetables and reduced risk for a number of diseases is consistent. There is no evidence at present that consuming small amounts of supplemental 8-carotene, i.e., amounts in foods or in a multivitamin tablet, is unwise for any population. The role of supplementation, however, particularly at high levels, with compounds that may be antioxidants but that are less well understood than vitamin E (e.g., carotenoids, plant polyphenols, and other phytochemicals), is less clear. The surprising results of the ATBC and CARET trials are a red flag, signaling the need for further research; a number of areas for future work are suggested here. Future research should lead to a clearer understanding of the effects of 8-carotene and other phytochemicals, as well as to more refined strategies for intervention, with important clinical and public health implications.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1969
期刊：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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