High annual and seasonal variations in malaria transmission by anophelines and vector species composition in Dielmo, a holoendemic area in Senegal
High annual and seasonal variations in malaria transmission by anophelines and vector species composition in Dielmo, a holoendemic area in Senegal
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1997.56.247
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发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Trape, JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fontenille, D;Lochouarn, L;Trape, JF
我们在Dielmo进行了一项为期三年的昆虫学研究，Dielmo是塞内加尔疟疾全面流行区的一个有250名居民的村庄。在人体诱饵和除虫菊酯喷雾收集上捕获按蚊。利用聚合酶链式反应对冈比亚按蚊复合体的蚊子进行了鉴定。捕获的疟疾媒介是一场灾难，一场灾难。Arabiens和An.冈比亚亚目。按蚊是第一年捕获的数量最多的蚊子。在接下来的几年里。用酶联免疫吸附试验计算，第1、2、3年的昆虫学接种率分别为238、89、150。每年在雨季结束时都有一个传播高峰，但传播全年都会发生。传播的异质性存在于四个不同的水平：1)根据捕获地点和方法的相对媒介比例，2)按月和年度的人类咬合率和媒介的相对比例，3)每种媒介的年感染率，4)所有媒介和每种媒介的年感染咬数。我们的数据表明，即使在疟疾密集和常年传播的地区，疟疾传播的昆虫学参数也存在很大的纵向差异和强烈的异质性。重要的是要考虑到这些因素，以研究人类疟疾临床和生物参数的变化，并评估这种关系，有必要对传播进行非常彻底的调查。
We conducted a three-year entomologic study in Dielmo, a village of 250 inhabitants in a holoendemic area for malaria in Senegal. Anophelines were captured on human bait and by pyrethrum spray collections. The mosquitoes belonging to the Anopheles gambiae complex were identified using the polymerase chain reaction. Malaria vectors captured were An funestus, An. arabiensis, and An. gambiae. Anopheles funestus was the most abundant mosquito captured the first year, An. arabiensis in the following years. The annual entomologic inoculation rates calculated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were 238, 89, and 150 for the first, second, and third years, respectively. Each year there was a peak of transmission at the end of the rainy season, but transmission occurred year round. The heterogeneity of transmission was found at four different levels: 1) the relative vector proportion according to the place and method of capture, 2) the human biting rate and relative proportion of vectors by month and year, 3) the infection rate of each vector by year, and 4) the number of infected bites for all vectors, and for each species, for the year. Our data show that even in areas of intense and perennial transmission, there exist large longitudinal variations and strong heterogeneity in entomologic parameters of malaria transmission. It is important to take these into account for the study of the variations in clinical and biological parameters of human malaria, and to evaluate this relationship, a very thorough investigation of transmission is necessary.