Long-Term Drought and Warming Alter Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities in an Upland Heathland
Long-Term Drought and Warming Alter Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities in an Upland Heathland
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DOI：
10.1007/s10021-021-00715-8
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发表时间：
2021-10-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Robinson, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seaton, Fiona M.;Reinsch, Sabine;Robinson, David A.
土壤微生物群落对气候变化的响应将影响全球生物地球化学循环，可能导致正反馈和负反馈。然而，我们对土壤微生物群落如何响应气候变化以及这些变化对未来土壤功能的影响的了解有限。在这里，我们评估了在荒地有机矿物土壤中土壤细菌和真菌群落对长期实验气候变化的反应。我们使用Illumina对16S rRNA基因和ITS2区域两个深度的测序分析了微生物群落，这些微生物群落来自经历了4年和18年的原地夏季干旱或变暖的地块。在16年的气候处理后，我们还用显微镜观察了刺梨和暗隔膜内生真菌对马蹄莲根部的定植情况。我们发现细菌和真菌群落在对干旱和变暖的反应中都发生了显著的变化，这可能是由土壤pH和电导率的变化所介导的。在较长一段时间的气候操纵后，微生物群落的变化更加明显。此外，长期升温的地块的底土群落变得与表土相似。ERICOID菌根定植随着深度的增加而减少，而DES增加；但是，这些随深度的变化趋势被变暖所消除。我们在很大程度上将观察到的微生物群落的变化归因于植物覆盖的变化和随后对土壤物理化学性质的反馈，特别是pH。我们的结果表明，考虑不同土壤深度和较长时间后土壤微生物对气候变化的响应变化具有重要意义。
The response of soil microbial communities to a changing climate will impact global biogeochemical cycles, potentially leading to positive and negative feedbacks. However, our understanding of how soil microbial communities respond to climate change and the implications of these changes for future soil function is limited. Here, we assess the response of soil bacterial and fungal communities to long-term experimental climate change in a heathland organo-mineral soil. We analysed microbial communities using Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 region at two depths, from plots undergoing 4 and 18 years of in situ summer drought or warming. We also assessed the colonisation of Calluna vulgaris roots by ericoid and dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi using microscopy after 16 years of climate treatment. We found significant changes in both the bacterial and fungal communities in response to drought and warming, likely mediated by changes in soil pH and electrical conductivity. Changes in the microbial communities were more pronounced after a longer period of climate manipulation. Additionally, the subsoil communities of the long-term warmed plots became similar to the topsoil. Ericoid mycorrhizal colonisation decreased with depth while DSEs increased; however, these trends with depth were removed by warming. We largely ascribe the observed changes in microbial communities to shifts in plant cover and subsequent feedback on soil physicochemical properties, especially pH. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering changes in soil microbial responses to climate change across different soil depths and after extended periods of time.