Measuring the prevalence and impact of poor menstrual hygiene management: a quantitative survey of schoolgirls in rural Uganda.
Measuring the prevalence and impact of poor menstrual hygiene management: a quantitative survey of schoolgirls in rural Uganda.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012596
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发表时间：
2016-12-30
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Montgomery P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hennegan J;Dolan C;Wu M;Scott L;Montgomery P
主要目的是描述乌干达女学生的月经卫生管理（MHM）的做法，并估计不适当的MHM的患病率。第二，评估MHM各方面对健康，教育和心理社会结果的相对贡献。作为可重复使用卫生巾和青春期教育提供的对照试验的最终随访的一部分，对收集的调查数据进行了二次分析，以提供女孩MHM实践的横截面描述，并评估与结果的关系。乌干达Kamuli区的农村小学。参与者是来自8个研究地点的205名在校女生（10-19岁）。 使用所用吸收剂的尺寸、吸收剂更换的频率、洗涤和干燥程序以及隐私来估计与概念定义一致的适当MHM的流行率。自我报告的健康，教育（入学率和参与）和心理社会（羞耻，不安全感，尴尬）的结果假设是由于不良的MHM被评估为主要结果。结果通过加载在iPad上的英语调查进行测量，并以当地语言进行口头管理。百分之九十点五（95% CI 85.6%至93.9%）的女孩未能达到适当MHM的可用标准，使用可重复使用卫生巾的女孩之间没有显著差异（88.9%，95% CI 79.0%至94.4%）和使用现有方法的患者，主要是布（91.5%，95% CI 85.1%至95.3%; χ2（1）=0.12，p=0.729）。MHM的一些方面预测了一些后果，包括羞耻，不站在课堂上回答问题和对气味的担忧。这项研究是第一个评估MHM的患病率与概念定义一致。结果表明，当月经卫生的各个方面都被认为是在一起，患病率是远远高于以前报道的基础上吸收剂单独。这项工作表明，迫切需要改进对MHM的评估和报告，并进行初步研究，以测试月经管理与健康，教育和心理社会后果之间的联系。
The primary objective was to describe Ugandan schoolgirls’ menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices and estimate the prevalence of inadequate MHM. Second, to assess the relative contribution of aspects of MHM to health, education and psychosocial outcomes. Secondary analysis of survey data collected as part of the final follow-up from a controlled trial of reusable sanitary pad and puberty education provision was used to provide a cross-sectional description of girls’ MHM practices and assess relationships with outcomes. Rural primary schools in the Kamuli district, Uganda. Participants were 205 menstruating schoolgirls (10–19 years) from the eight study sites. The prevalence of adequate MHM, consistent with the concept definition, was estimated using dimensions of absorbent used, frequency of absorbent change, washing and drying procedures and privacy. Self-reported health, education (school attendance and engagement) and psychosocial (shame, insecurity, embarrassment) outcomes hypothesised to result from poor MHM were assessed as primary outcomes. Outcomes were measured through English surveys loaded on iPads and administered verbally in the local language. 90.5% (95% CI 85.6% to 93.9%) of girls failed to meet available criteria for adequate MHM, with no significant difference between those using reusable sanitary pads (88.9%, 95% CI 79.0% to 94.4%) and those using existing methods, predominantly cloth (91.5%, 95% CI 85.1% to 95.3%; χ2 (1)=0.12, p=0.729). Aspects of MHM predicted some consequences including shame, not standing in class to answer questions and concerns about odour. This study was the first to assess the prevalence of MHM consistent with the concept definition. Results suggest that when all aspects of menstrual hygiene are considered together, the prevalence is much higher than has previously been reported based on absorbents alone. The work demonstrates an urgent need for improved assessment and reporting of MHM, and for primary research testing the links between menstrual management and health, education and psychosocial consequences.