Political Responses to Economic Shocks
Political Responses to Economic Shocks
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-polisci-050517-110713
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Margalit, Yotam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Margalit, Yotam
经济冲击的经历如何影响个人的政治观点和投票行为？部分受到 2008 年金融危机影响的启发，针对这一问题的研究激增。涵盖更广泛的国家和经济背景的研究结果突出了几个值得注意的模式。经济冲击——例如失业或收入急剧下降——对政治态度产生了重大且理论上可预测的影响，尽管这种影响往往是短暂的。相比之下，对投票行为的影响幅度更为有限，其表现形式也不太为人所知。负面的经济冲击往往会增加对更广泛的社会政策和再分配的支持，从而增强左派的吸引力。但这种冲击也往往会降低人们对政治机构的信任，从而有可能促使选民支持激进或民粹主义政党，或者完全让他们解散。需要进一步的研究来发现导致这些不同投票结果的条件。
How does the experience of economic shocks affect individuals' political views and voting behavior? Inspired partly by the fallout of the financial crisis of 2008, research on this question has proliferated. Findings from studies covering a broadening range of countries and economic contexts highlight several notable patterns. Economic shocks-e.g., job loss or sharp drop in income-exert a significant and theoretically predictable, if often transient, effect on political attitudes. In contrast, the effect on voting behavior is more limited in magnitude and its manifestations less understood. Negative economic shocks tend to increase support for more expansive social policy and for redistribution, strengthening the appeal of the left. But such shocks also tend to decrease trust in political institutions, thus potentially driving the voters to support radical or populist parties, or demobilizing them altogether. Further research is needed to detect the conditions that lead to these distinct voting outcomes.