REVIEW A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF THE GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT OF HOMOSPOROUS FERNS, FOCUSING ON MERISTEM BEHAVIOUR
REVIEW A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF THE GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT OF HOMOSPOROUS FERNS, FOCUSING ON MERISTEM BEHAVIOUR
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回顾同孢蕨类植物配子体发育的新分类，重点关注分生组织行为
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
R. Imaichi
中科院分区：
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作者：
R. Imaichi
蕨类配子体的不同形状可能是对其生长的不同生境适应性进化的结果。在同孢子蕨类植物中，配子体在许多分类群中是心形的(陆生的)，但在其他分类群中也可以是带状、带状和丝状(附生)或块茎(地下)。最近发展起来的对同一个体配子体生长过程的长期观测技术导致了对平面配子体发育类型的新分类。我们识别出五种基本类型(石蒜属、羊舌草属、贫血型、排泄型和牡蛎属)。这五种类型反映了三种分生组织的不同组合：基于顶端细胞的分生组织、边缘分生组织和多细胞分生组织。在Lygodium类型中，顶端细胞分生组织紧随其后的是多细胞分生组织阶段，形成典型的心形配子体。在舌型配子体和贫血型配子体中，分别形成带状配子体和不对称心形配子体。在裂解型中，边缘分生组织阶段出现在基于顶端细胞的分生组织和多细胞分生组织阶段之间，而在牡荆型中，多细胞分生组织阶段缺失。后两种类型的配子体均形成不规则分枝的带状配子体。
Different shapes of fern gametophytes may be the result of adaptive evolution to different habitats where the gametophytes grow. In homosporous ferns, gametophytes are cordate-thalloid (terrestrial) in many taxa but can also be strap-like, ribbon-like, and filamentous (epiphytic) or tuberous (subterranean) in other taxa. Recently developed long-term observational techniques of the same individual gametophyte during growth have led to a new classification of development types for planar gametophytes. We recognise five basic types (Lygodium, Elaphoglossum, Anemia, Colysis, and Vittaria). The five types reflect different combinations of the three meristems: apical cell-based, marginal and multicellular meristems. In the Lygodium-type, the apical cell-based meristem is immediately followed by the multicellular meristem phase, resulting in typical cordate gametophytes. In the Elaphoglossum- and Anemia-types (i.e. subtypes of the Lygodium-type) strap-shaped and asymmetric cordate gametophytes, respectively, are formed. In the Colysis-type, the marginal meristem phase occurs between the apical cell-based meristem and the multicellular meristem phases, and in the Vittaria-type, the multicellular meristem phase is absent. In both of these latter types, irregularly branched ribbon-like gametophytes form.