Panicle architecture and grain number in irrigated rice, grown under different water management regimes
Panicle architecture and grain number in irrigated rice, grown under different water management regimes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2010.03.006
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Y. Kato;K. Katsura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Kato;K. Katsura
在节水栽培中，水稻产量往往取决于穗的大小（每穗的粒数）。本研究的目的是在常规淹水和旱稻栽培中将穗形态与植物生长因子联系起来。水稻植株生长在有氧培养的非水坑、非饱和土壤中，20 cm深度的土壤水势保持在− 60 kPa以上。本研究以高成、秋光、Lemont、IRAT 109四个品种为材料，测定了每穗小花数（FPP）、每穗一级分枝数（BPP）、一级分支小花数（FPB）和花前小花败育率（FA）。FPP的范围为111 ~ 459，FPB对FPP的影响大于BPP。单位面积分枝数与分支形成期植株含氮量呈显著正相关，而与小花分化期植株含氮量相关不显著。单位面积小花数与开花前2周作物含氮量的关系因品种而异，单位氮小花生产效率受FPB的影响。FA的变化范围为5%~ 55%，与开花前2周生物量增加的比例（小花数×小花重）有关。在淹水和有氧条件下，生长因子与穗部性状的关系基本一致。在此基础上，提出了常规淹水栽培水稻模型可用于节水栽培水稻粒数的预测。
In water-saving culture, rice yield is often determined by panicle size (number of grains per panicle). The objective of this study was to relate panicle morphology to plant growth factors in conventional flooded and aerobic rice culture. Rice plants were grown in non-puddled, unsaturated soils in aerobic culture, with the soil water potential at 20-cm depth kept above −60kPa. We examined four panicle traits—number of florets per panicle (FPP), number of primary branches per panicle (BPP), number of florets per primary branch (FPB), and frequency of pre-anthesis floret abortion (FA)—of four cultivars (Takanari, Akihikari, Lemont, IRAT109). FPP ranged from 111 to 459, and was affected more by FPB than by BPP. Branches per unit area were significantly correlated with the crop N content at the branch formation stage, whereas FPB was not significantly correlated with the N increase during floret differentiation. The relationship between florets per unit area and the crop N content at 2 weeks before anthesis differed considerably among cultivars, and floret production efficiency per unit N in each cultivar was affected by FPB. FA ranged from 5% to 55%, and was associated with the ratio of biomass increase during the 2-week period preceding anthesis to (floret number×floret weight). The relationship between the growth factors and the panicle traits appeared to be identical in flooded and aerobic culture. Based on these results, we propose that rice models for conventional flooded culture could be used to predict grain number in water-saving culture.