Skin peptides protect juvenile leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) against chytridiomycosis
Skin peptides protect juvenile leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) against chytridiomycosis
复制标题
皮肤肽可保护幼年豹蛙（Rana pipiens）免受壶菌病的侵害
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
L. Rollins‐Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. D. Pask;Tawnya L Cary;L. Rollins‐Smith
科学界非常关注的一个问题是全球范围内各种两栖动物物种的持续消失。由于壶菌（Batrachochytrium dendroatidis），世界各地的两栖动物种群正在经历严重的损失。这种病原体在皮肤上定居，导致离子平衡被破坏，最终导致心脏骤停。在许多物种中，分泌到粘液中的抗菌肽被认为有助于防止皮肤病原体的定植。尽管人们普遍认为抗菌肽是天然免疫防御树突螺旋体的重要组成部分，但目前的许多证据依赖于有效的抗菌肽防御与物种生存之间的相关性。很少有研究直接证明抗菌肽的作用。以北方豹蛙（Rana pipiens）为研究对象，我们发现注射去甲肾上腺素（去甲肾上腺素）会导致皮肤肽的长期耗竭（初始浓度直到56天后才恢复）。当肽储存恢复时，通过MALDI-TOF质谱测定，更新的肽在成分上与初始肽相似，通过生长抑制试验测定，更新的肽对树突螺旋体的活性相似。肽储存耗尽的新变形小蛙暴露于树突螺旋体下比肽完整的暴露于树突螺旋体下的小蛙死亡更快。因此，皮肤粘液中的抗菌肽似乎提供了对树突蛙感染的一些抵抗力，生物学家认识到这种防御对新变形的青蛙尤其重要，因为它们的适应性免疫系统仍然不成熟。
SUMMARY One issue of great concern for the scientific community is the continuing loss of diverse amphibian species on a global scale. Amphibian populations around the world are experiencing serious losses due to the chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. This pathogen colonizes the skin, leading to the disruption of ionic balance and eventual cardiac arrest. In many species, antimicrobial peptides secreted into the mucus are thought to contribute to protection against colonization by skin pathogens. Although it is generally thought that antimicrobial peptides are an important component of innate immune defenses against B. dendrobatidis, much of the current evidence relies on correlations between effective antimicrobial peptide defenses and species survival. There have been few studies to directly demonstrate that antimicrobial peptides play a role. Using the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens, we show here that injection of noradrenaline (norepinephrine) brings about a long-term depletion of skin peptides (initial concentrations do not recover until after day 56). When peptide stores recovered, the renewed peptides were similar in composition to the initial peptides as determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and in activity against B. dendrobatidis as determined by growth inhibition assays. Newly metamorphosed froglets depleted of their peptide stores and exposed to B. dendrobatidis died more rapidly than B. dendrobatidis-exposed froglets with their peptides intact. Thus, antimicrobial peptides in the skin mucus appear to provide some resistance to B. dendrobatidis infections, and it is important for biologists to recognize that this defense is especially important for newly metamorphosed frogs in which the adaptive immune system is still immature.
北方豹蛙（Rana pipiens）种群表达的抗菌肽库的变化表明种内对病原体的抵抗力存在差异。
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Tennessen,JacobA;Woodhams,DouglasC;Chaurand,Pierre;Reinert,LauraK;Billheimer,Dean;Shyr,Yu;Caprioli,RichardM;Blouin,MichaelS;Rollins-Smith,LouiseA
通讯作者：
Rollins-Smith,LouiseA
甲状腺素驱动的性早熟对早期甲状腺切除青蛙成年型同种异体移植排斥反应成熟的影响。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1432-0436.1988.tb00719.x
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
Differentiation; research in biological diversity
影响因子：
--
作者：
Rollins-Smith,LA;Parsons,SC;Cohen,N
通讯作者：
Cohen,N