Methodology and Application of Spatial Vulnerability Assessment for Evacuation Shelters in Disaster Planning
Methodology and Application of Spatial Vulnerability Assessment for Evacuation Shelters in Disaster Planning
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/su12187355
复制
发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Hiranya Sritart;H. Miyazaki;S. Kanbara;Takashi Hara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiranya Sritart;H. Miyazaki;S. Kanbara;Takashi Hara
疏散避难所是在危险地区和情况下保护人们的最重要手段，从而尽量减少损失，特别是灾害造成的损失。因此，疏散避难所分配和疏散规划是减少灾害风险中降低脆弱性和提高复原力的一些关键因素。然而，避难场所分布的不平衡性和人口的空间异质性是限制避难场所在真实的情况下可达性的关键问题。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种空间评估方法，以减少脆弱性和评估住房需求和资源的空间分布，考虑空间可达性。该方法被应用于Mabi的案例研究，在2018年洪水造成的灾难的背景下。我们应用这种方法来评估该地区，并确定了疏散避难所和居民的脆弱性。所提出的方法显示，54.55%的指定疏散避难所和59%的总人口的身体容易受到洪水的影响。结果突出显示，使用GIS地图，总的住房容量显着下降到43.86%。成果评估涉及具体的脆弱住所以及每个住所的需求与资源之间的不平衡。因此，本研究为支持地方政府和利益相关者改善未来的灾害规划、预防和准备提供了实用信息和有价值的参考。
Evacuation shelters are the most important means for safeguarding people in hazardous areas and situations, and thus minimizing losses, particularly those due to a disaster. Therefore, evacuation shelter assignment and evacuation planning are some of the critical factors for reducing vulnerability and increasing resilience in disaster risk reduction. However, an imbalance of shelter distribution and spatial heterogeneity of a population are the critical issues limiting the accessibility of evacuation shelters in real situations. In this study, we propose a methodology for spatial assessment to reduce vulnerability and evaluate the spatial distribution of both shelter demand and resources, considering spatial accessibility. The method was applied to the case study of Mabi, in the context of a disaster caused by the 2018 flooding. We applied this approach to evaluate the area and identified the vulnerability of the evacuation shelters and the residents. The proposed method revealed that 54.55% of the designated evacuation shelters and 59% of the total population were physically vulnerable to the flood. The results highlight, using GIS maps, that the total shelter capacity was significantly decreased to 43.86%. The outcome assessment addressed specific vulnerable shelters and the imbalance between the demand for and resources of each shelter. Accordingly, this study provides practical information and a valuable reference for supporting local governments and stakeholders to improve future disaster planning, prevention, and preparedness.