DO RESPONSE-TIME ADVANTAGE AND INTERFERENCE REFLECT THE ORDER OF PROCESSING OF GLOBAL-LEVEL AND LOCAL-LEVEL INFORMATION
DO RESPONSE-TIME ADVANTAGE AND INTERFERENCE REFLECT THE ORDER OF PROCESSING OF GLOBAL-LEVEL AND LOCAL-LEVEL INFORMATION
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03208087
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发表时间：
1989-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
ROBERTSON, LC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LAMB, MR;ROBERTSON, LC
Navon的S(1977)的全局优先假说主要基于两种效应的共同出现：一种是识别全局目标的反应时间优势，另一种是全局干扰对局部目标反应的干扰。尽管这一假说在实验的基础上受到了质疑，在这些实验中，已经证明局部RT优势和局部干扰可以发生，但人们仍然经常认为这两种效应是局部和全局结构水平被处理的顺序的有效测量。在本实验中，这一假设得到了检验。在注意力分散任务中，受试者识别随机出现在全局或局部水平的目标字母。刺激模式所包含的视角是不同的，这种操纵已知会影响相对速度或对局部或全局信息的反应。在较大视角下，局部目标的识别速度快于全局目标，但在最小视角下的反应时没有差异。尽管RT优势发生了这种变化，但干扰效应并没有随着刺激模式的视角而改变。此外，全局干扰干扰了对局部目标的反应，但局部目标对对全局目标的反应没有影响，这与如果反应时优势和干扰反映顺序加工所预期的结果正好相反。这些发现与RT优势和干扰以简单方式反映加工顺序的假设不一致。
Navon''s (1977) global precedence hypothesis was based primarily on the joint occurence of two effects: a response time (RT) advantage for identifying global targets, and interference by global distractors on responding to local targets. Although the hypothesis has been questioned on the basis of experiments in which it has been shown that a local RT advantage and local interference can occur, it is still frequently assumed that these two effects are a valid measure of the order in which local and global levels of structure are processed. In the present experiment, this assumption was examined. Subjects identified target letters that occurred randomly at the global or local level in a divided-attention task. The visual angle subtended by the stimulus pattern was varied, a manipulation known to affect the relative speed or response to local- or global-level information. Local targets were identified faster than global targets at the larger visual angles, but there was no different in RT at the smallest visual angle. Despite this change in RT advantage, the interference effect did not change as a function of the visual angle of the stimulus pattern. Moreover, global distractors interfered with responding to local targets but local targets had no effect on responding to global targets, which is exactly the opposite of the finding one would expect if RT advantage and interference reflected order processing. These findings are not consistent with the assumption that RT advantage and interference reflect order of processing in a simple way.