Immune sensing of DNA.
Immune sensing of DNA.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.immuni.2013.05.004
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发表时间：
2013-05-23
期刊：
影响因子：
32.4
通讯作者：
Bowie AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paludan SR;Bowie AG
尽管多年来人们已经认识到胞质DNA具有免疫刺激性，但直到过去五年，先天免疫系统感知DNA的分子基础才开始被揭示。特别是，已经阐述了DNA如何诱导I型干扰素，I型干扰素在抗病毒反应中起核心作用，也是自身免疫的介质。虽然到目前为止已经提出了10多种胞质DNA受体，但STING是大多数DNA感知途径的关键衔接蛋白，并且我们现在开始了解STING的信号传导机制。在这篇综述中，我们描述了在理解DNA激活的信号传导机制以及DNA感知与病原体反应和自身免疫的相关性方面的最新进展。我们强调了在免疫系统如何以及为何对病原体DNA和自身DNA都作出反应方面所获得的新见解，并确定了在DNA激活先天免疫领域现在需要解决的重要问题。
Although it has been appreciated for some years that cytosolic DNA is immune-stimulatory, it is only in the past five years that the molecular basis of DNA sensing by the innate immune system has begun to be revealed. In particular it has been described how DNA induces type I interferon, central in anti-viral responses and a mediator of autoimmunity. While to date more than 10 cytosolic receptors of DNA have been proposed, STING is a key adaptor protein for most DNA sensing pathways, and we are now beginning to understand the signaling mechanisms for STING. In this review we describe the recent progress in understanding signaling mechanisms activated by DNA and the relevance of DNA sensing to pathogen responses and autoimmunity. We highlight new insights gained into how and why the immune system responds to both pathogen and self DNA, and define important questions that now need to be addressed in the field of innate immune activation by DNA.