Rapid Determination of Near‐Fault Earthquake Deformation Using Differential LiDAR
Rapid Determination of Near‐Fault Earthquake Deformation Using Differential LiDAR
复制标题
使用差分激光雷达快速确定近断层地震变形
DOI：
10.1785/0120110159
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
J. Minster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Borsa;J. Minster
改进的地震滑移和变形模式的近场测量可能会扩大我们对断层行为的理解以及主动断层与地形的关系。或雷达遥感 - 可以通过对破裂带的差异空气中的光检测和范围分析来减轻局限性。 B4调查）在南加州的1100公里处，目的是确定未来地震的基线，我们使用B4调查来开发一种处理算法，该算法得出了近场的快速估计。地形和模拟后Quake Lidar数据集的地形和反向散射强度的同时跨相关性。研究区域，在有和没有施加滑移的区域之间，我们还从同一研究区域中成功地恢复了更复杂的变形。在水平的垂直分辨率≤15m的空间分辨率下，垂直分辨率低于20 cm，样品密度低至0.5分/m2的空间分辨率为≤15m。
Improved near‐field measurements of earthquake slip and deformation patterns have the potential for expanding our understanding of fault behavior and the relationship of active faulting to topography. Current techniques for obtaining these measurements—including field observation, Global Navigation Satellite Systems displacement estimation, and optical or radar remote sensing—have limitations that can be mitigated by the inclusion of results from differential airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) analysis of the rupture zone. The 2005 airborne LiDAR survey of the southern San Andreas, San Jacinto, and Banning faults (the B4 survey) mapped 1100 km of the most seismically active fault systems in southern California for the purpose of providing a baseline for determining slip from a future earthquake. We used the B4 survey to develop a processing algorithm that yields rapid estimates of near‐fault ground deformation using simultaneous cross correlation of both topography and backscatter intensity from pre‐earthquake and simulated postearthquake LiDAR datasets. We show robust recovery of the direction and magnitude of an applied synthetic slip of 5 m in the horizontal and 0.5 m in the vertical within our area of study, with clear discrimination between areas with and without applied slip. We also successfully recovered more complex deformation from a modeled fault stepover in the same study area. Our results indicate that we should be able to recover slip to accuracies of better than 20 cm in the horizontal and 1 cm in the vertical, at a spatial resolution of ≤15 m for LiDAR datasets with sample densities as low as 0.5 points/m2.