Are the windows to the soul the same in the East and West? Cultural differences in using the eyes and mouth as cues to recognize emotions in Japan and the United States
Are the windows to the soul the same in the East and West? Cultural differences in using the eyes and mouth as cues to recognize emotions in Japan and the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2006.02.004
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Masuda, Takahiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuki, Masaki;Maddux, William W.;Masuda, Takahiko
目前的研究调查的假设，根据个人的文化背景，面部不同部位的面部线索在解释情绪时的权重不同。鉴于人们表达情绪时，眼睛比嘴巴更难控制，我们预测，在情绪俯冲是常态的文化中（如日本），人们在解释他人情绪时会更强烈地关注眼睛而不是嘴巴。相比之下，我们预测，在公开的情感表达是常态的文化中（如美国），人们倾向于根据嘴巴的位置来解释情绪，因为它是面部最具表现力的部分。这一假设在两项研究中得到了证实，一项研究使用了插图，另一项研究使用了经过编辑的真实的人的面部表情，其中眼睛和嘴巴的情感表达是独立操纵的。我们的跨文化心理学的理解，以及心理学的情绪解释的影响，进行了讨论。(c)2006年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
The current research investigated the hypothesis that, depending on an individual's cultural background, facial cues in different parts of the face are weighted differently when interpreting emotions. Given that the eyes are more difficult to control than the mouth when people express emotions, we predicted that individuals in cultures where emotional subduction is the norm (such as Japan) would focus more strongly on the eyes than the mouth when interpreting others' emotions. By contrast, we predicted that people in cultures where overt emotional expression is the norm (such as the US) would tend to interpret emotions based on the position of the mouth, because it is the most expressive part of the face. This hypothesis was confirmed in two studies, one using illustrated faces, and one using edited facial expressions from real people, in which emotional expressions in the eyes and mouth were independently manipulated. Implications for our understanding of cross-cultural psychology, as well of the psychology of emotional interpretation, are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.