The Breadth of the Neutralizing Antibody Response to Original SARS-CoV-2 Infection is Linked to the Presence of Long COVID Symptoms.
The Breadth of the Neutralizing Antibody Response to Original SARS-CoV-2 Infection is Linked to the Presence of Long COVID Symptoms.
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中和抗体对原始 SARS-CoV-2 感染的反应范围与长期新冠肺炎症状的存在有关。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.03.30.23287923
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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中科院分区：
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作者：
Buck,AmandaM;Deitchman,AmeliaN;Takahashi,Saki;Lu,Scott;Goldberg,SarahA;Hoh,Rebecca;Williams,MeghannC;Kerbleski,Marian;Deveau,Tyler-Marie;Munter,SadieE;Lombardo,James;Wrin,Terri;Petropoulos,ChristosJ;Durstenfeld,MatthewS;
疫苗接种前SARS-CoV-2中和抗体（nAb）反应的纵向动态和宽度与各种长COVID表型之间的关联尚不清楚。抗体交叉中和多种病毒变体的能力可能与持续的病理学和持续症状相关。我们测量了在COVID-19大流行早期感染的参与者中对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变体前后的纵向中和和交叉中和抗体反应，然后广泛推出SARS-CoV-2疫苗。使用针对临床协变量调整的横截面回归模型和纵向混合效应模型来确定中和应答的衰减宽度和速率对长期COVID症状以及长期COVID表型发展的影响。我们确定了SARS-CoV-2抗体中和与长期COVID症状之间的几种新关系。具体而言，我们表明，尽管在横断面分析中，对SARS-CoV-2原始感染株的nAb应答与长期COVID无关，但急性感染后约4个月对Omicron BA.5变体的交叉中和ID 50水平与长期COVID的可能性更高以及持续的胃肠道和神经系统症状独立且显著相关。纵向建模表明中和能力的总体水平和衰减速率与长COVID表型显著相关。与BA.1或XBB.1.5变体相比，更高比例的参与者具有能够中和Omicron BA.5的抗体。我们的研究结果表明，各种免疫反应与长期COVID之间的关系可能很复杂，但可能涉及抗体中和反应的广度。
The associations between longitudinal dynamics and the breadth of SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) response with various Long COVID phenotypes before vaccination are not known. The capacity of antibodies to cross‐neutralize a variety of viral variants may be associated with ongoing pathology and persistent symptoms. We measured longitudinal neutralizing and cross‐neutralizing antibody responses to pre‐ and post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variants in participants infected early in the COVID‐19 pandemic, before widespread rollout of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines. Cross‐sectional regression models adjusted for clinical covariates and longitudinal mixed‐effects models were used to determine the impact of the breadth and rate of decay of neutralizing responses on the development of Long COVID symptoms, as well as Long COVID phenotypes. We identified several novel relationships between SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody neutralization and the presence of Long COVID symptoms. Specifically, we show that, although nAb responses to the original, infecting strain of SARS‐CoV‐2 were not associated with Long COVID in cross‐sectional analyses, cross‐neutralization ID50levels to the Omicron BA.5 variant approximately 4 months following acute infection was independently and significantly associated with greater odds of Long COVID and with persistent gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. Longitudinal modeling demonstrated significant associations in the overall levels and rates of decay of neutralization capacity with Long COVID phenotypes. A higher proportion of participants had antibodies capable of neutralizing Omicron BA.5 compared with BA.1 or XBB.1.5 variants. Our findings suggest that relationships between various immune responses and Long COVID are likely complex but may involve the breadth of antibody neutralization responses.