Using eye movements to evaluate a PC-based risk awareness and perception training program on a driving simulator
Using eye movements to evaluate a PC-based risk awareness and perception training program on a driving simulator
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DOI：
10.1518/001872006778606787
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Fisher, Donald L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pollatsek, Alexander;Narayanaan, Vinod;Fisher, Donald L.
目的：评估基于PC的培训计划对驾驶模拟器中风险感知的影响。背景资料：新手司机的死亡率比最有经验的司机高出8倍，主要是因为新手司机无法提前预测道路上会出现的风险。目前的驾驶员教育计划，至少在美国，不强调风险意识技能的教学新手司机。方法：基于PC的风险意识和感知培训计划的开发和评估。培训涉及使用10个风险场景的计划（自上而下）视图，帮助新手司机确定潜在风险所在以及应注意哪些信息。在高级驾驶模拟器上对24名经过训练的新手驾驶员和24名未经训练的新手驾驶员进行了评估。测量两组驾驶员的眼动。对驾驶模拟器的评估包括培训中使用的场景和培训中未使用的场景。结果如下：受过训练的新手司机几乎是未经训练的司机的两倍，他们会适当地注视可能出现潜在风险的区域，或者警告前方潜在风险情况的标志，无论是他们在训练中遇到的场景还是新的场景。适用范围：开发的PC培训程序，这是便携式的，可以广泛使用，有很大的希望，在提高道路上的新手驾驶员的风险感知。
Objective: Evaluation of the effects of a PC-based training program on risk perception in a driving simulator. Background: Novice drivers have a fatality rate some eight times higher than that of the most experienced group of drivers, primarily because of the novice driver's inability to predict ahead of time the risks that will appear in the roadway. Current driver education programs, at least those in the United States, do not emphasize the teaching of risk awareness skills to novice drivers. Method: A PC-based risk awareness and perception training program was developed and evaluated. The training involved using plan (top-down) views of 10 risky scenarios that helped novice drivers identify where potential risks were located and what information should be attended. Both the 24 trained novice drivers and 24 untrained novice drivers were evaluated on an advanced driving simulator. The eye movements of both groups of drivers were measured. The evaluation on the driving simulator included both scenarios used in the training and others not used in training. Results: The set of trained novice drivers were almost twice as likely as untrained drivers to fixate appropriately either on the regions where potential risks might appear or on signs that warned of potentially risky situations ahead, both for the scenarios they had encountered in training and for novel scenarios. Application: The PC training program developed, which is portable and can be widely used, has great promise in improving risk perception for novice drivers on the road.