Political partisanship influences perception of biracial candidates' skin tone
Political partisanship influences perception of biracial candidates' skin tone
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0905362106
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Balcetis, Emily
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caruso, Eugene M.;Mead, Nicole L.;Balcetis, Emily
人们倾向于更积极地看待自己政治团体的成员，而不是竞争政治团体的成员。在这篇文章中，我们证明了政治党派关系会影响人们对混血政治候选人肤色的视觉表征。在三项研究中，参与者对假设的（研究1）或真实的（研究2和3）混血政治候选人的照片的代表性进行打分。参与者不知道的是，一些照片被修改过，使候选人的肤色比原始照片更浅或更深。与候选人的党派倾向相匹配的参与者一致认为浅色照片比深色照片更能代表候选人，而与候选人的党派倾向不匹配的参与者则表现出相反的模式。在对巴拉克·奥巴马的评价中，人们认为浅色照片代表他的程度与他们在2008年总统选举中陈述的投票意图和报告的投票行为呈正相关。在控制政治意识形态和种族态度时，这种影响仍然存在。这些结果表明，人们对他人的视觉表征与他们自己先前存在的信念以及他们在相应背景下做出的决定有关。
People tend to view members of their own political group more positively than members of a competing political group. In this article, we demonstrate that political partisanship influences people's visual representations of a biracial political candidate's skin tone. In three studies, participants rated the representativeness of photographs of a hypothetical (Study 1) or real (Barack Obama; Studies 2 and 3) biracial political candidate. Unbeknownst to participants, some of the photographs had been altered to make the candidate's skin tone either lighter or darker than it was in the original photograph. Participants whose partisanship matched that of the candidate they were evaluating consistently rated the lightened photographs as more representative of the candidate than the darkened photographs, whereas participants whose partisanship did not match that of the candidate showed the opposite pattern. For evaluations of Barack Obama, the extent to which people rated lightened photographs as representative of him was positively correlated with their stated voting intentions and reported voting behavior in the 2008 Presidential election. This effect persisted when controlling for political ideology and racial attitudes. These results suggest that people's visual representations of others are related to their own preexisting beliefs and to the decisions they make in a consequential context.