A deterministic approach for protecting privacy in sensitive personal data.

A deterministic approach for protecting privacy in sensitive personal data.
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DOI:
10.1186/s12911-022-01754-4
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发表时间:
2022-01-28
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Burton P
Burton P
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Avraam D;Jones E;Burton P

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数据隐私是任何处理个人数据的组织面临的最大挑战之一,特别是在医学研究领域,其中数据包括患者和研究参与者的敏感信息。因此,共享数据是有问题的,这与开放数据的原则不一致,开放数据对社会和科学的进步如此重要。已经开发了几种统计方法和计算工具来帮助数据保管员和分析员克服这一挑战。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的确定性的个人数据匿名化方法。该方法通过分类变量对底层数据进行分层,并通过基于k近邻的算法对连续变量进行重新分配。我们演示了确定性匿名化在真实数据上的使用,包括泰坦尼克号乘客样本的数据,以及1958年出生队列参与者的数据。拟议的程序使重新识别数据变得困难,同时最大限度地减少实用损失(通过保留基础数据的空间属性);后者意味着仍然可以进行信息量大的统计分析。
Data privacy is one of the biggest challenges for any organisation which processes personal data, especially in the area of medical research where data include sensitive information about patients and study participants. Sharing of data is therefore problematic, which is at odds with the principle of open data that is so important to the advancement of society and science. Several statistical methods and computational tools have been developed to help data custodians and analysts overcome this challenge. In this paper, we propose a new deterministic approach for anonymising personal data. The method stratifies the underlying data by the categorical variables and re-distributes the continuous variables through a k nearest neighbours based algorithm. We demonstrate the use of the deterministic anonymisation on real data, including data from a sample of Titanic passengers, and data from participants in the 1958 Birth Cohort. The proposed procedure makes data re-identification difficult while minimising the loss of utility (by preserving the spatial properties of the underlying data); the latter means that informative statistical analysis can still be conducted.
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